Powerboat Design and Performance
By dag pike.
- 0 Want to read
- 1 Currently reading
- 0 Have read
My Reading Lists:
Use this Work
Create a new list
My book notes.
My private notes about this edition:
Check nearby libraries
- Library.link
Buy this book
This edition doesn't have a description yet. Can you add one ?
Showing 3 featured editions. View all 3 editions?
1 | |
2 | |
3 |
Add another edition?
Book Details
Classifications, source records, community reviews (0).
- Created August 18, 2020
Wikipedia citation
Copy and paste this code into your Wikipedia page. Need help?
Created by | Imported from |
- Find a Library
- Browse Collections
- Powerboat Design and Performance
ebook ∣ Expert insight into developments past and future
By dag pike.
Add Book To Favorites
Is this your library?
Sign up to save your library.
With an OverDrive account, you can save your favorite libraries for at-a-glance information about availability. Find out more about OverDrive accounts.
9781472965417
Bloomsbury Publishing
31 October 2019
Find this title in Libby, the library reading app by OverDrive.
Search for a digital library with this title
Title found at these libraries:.
Loading... |
Ask the publishers to restore access to 500,000+ books.
Internet Archive Audio
- This Just In
- Grateful Dead
- Old Time Radio
- 78 RPMs and Cylinder Recordings
- Audio Books & Poetry
- Computers, Technology and Science
- Music, Arts & Culture
- News & Public Affairs
- Spirituality & Religion
- Radio News Archive
- Flickr Commons
- Occupy Wall Street Flickr
- NASA Images
- Solar System Collection
- Ames Research Center
- All Software
- Old School Emulation
- MS-DOS Games
- Historical Software
- Classic PC Games
- Software Library
- Kodi Archive and Support File
- Vintage Software
- CD-ROM Software
- CD-ROM Software Library
- Software Sites
- Tucows Software Library
- Shareware CD-ROMs
- Software Capsules Compilation
- CD-ROM Images
- ZX Spectrum
- DOOM Level CD
- Smithsonian Libraries
- FEDLINK (US)
- Lincoln Collection
- American Libraries
- Canadian Libraries
- Universal Library
- Project Gutenberg
- Children's Library
- Biodiversity Heritage Library
- Books by Language
- Additional Collections
- Prelinger Archives
- Democracy Now!
- Occupy Wall Street
- TV NSA Clip Library
- Animation & Cartoons
- Arts & Music
- Computers & Technology
- Cultural & Academic Films
- Ephemeral Films
- Sports Videos
- Videogame Videos
- Youth Media
Search the history of over 866 billion web pages on the Internet.
Mobile Apps
- Wayback Machine (iOS)
- Wayback Machine (Android)
Browser Extensions
Archive-it subscription.
- Explore the Collections
- Build Collections
Save Page Now
Capture a web page as it appears now for use as a trusted citation in the future.
Please enter a valid web address
- Donate Donate icon An illustration of a heart shape
Sorensen's guide to powerboats : how to evaluate design, construction, and performance
Bookreader item preview, share or embed this item, flag this item for.
- Graphic Violence
- Explicit Sexual Content
- Hate Speech
- Misinformation/Disinformation
- Marketing/Phishing/Advertising
- Misleading/Inaccurate/Missing Metadata
plus-circle Add Review comment Reviews
65 Previews
2 Favorites
DOWNLOAD OPTIONS
No suitable files to display here.
EPUB and PDF access not available for this item.
IN COLLECTIONS
Uploaded by station07.cebu on June 19, 2020
SIMILAR ITEMS (based on metadata)
- Sports & Outdoors
- Water Sports
Download the free Kindle app and start reading Kindle books instantly on your smartphone, tablet, or computer - no Kindle device required .
Read instantly on your browser with Kindle for Web.
Using your mobile phone camera - scan the code below and download the Kindle app.
Image Unavailable
- To view this video download Flash Player
Follow the author
Powerboat Design and Performance: Expert insight into developments past and future Hardcover – October 29, 2019
Purchase options and add-ons.
The definitive book on powerboat design and performance--a unique wealth of material from the internationally renowned expert in powerboating, featuring contributions from leading designers on everything from hull design to propulsion. Set to become the bible for powerboat owners and operators for years to come, this long overdue analysis and review of modern powerboat design and operation explores how powerboats have developed, why, and how design impacts on control and performance. Every aspect of the powerboat's design is considered individually and as part of the whole. Different hull designs are assessed for their benefits and drawbacks. Engine types (whether petrol, diesel, electric or hybrid) and their influence on performance are explored and the nature and impact of different propulsion systems and driving controls is also examined. All factors that influence operation are featured, from how to optimize performance in varied sea conditions, matching speed to sea state, as well as tackling various common and uncommon scenarios (from running an inlet to coping with tidal races and harbor maneuvering) and issues relating to crew safety. Dag Pike is the world-renowned guru on powerboats. He has attracted contributions from many of the top international powerboat designers, providing a wealth of expert knowledge and specialist insights about modern powerboats. The sum of their know-how makes this book essential for all powerboat owners, operators and designers, whether in the leisure, commercial or military sector, and will help ensure all prospective owners get the right boat for their requirements.
- Print length 224 pages
- Language English
- Publisher Adlard Coles
- Publication date October 29, 2019
- Dimensions 6.92 x 0.79 x 10.15 inches
- ISBN-10 1472965418
- ISBN-13 978-1472965417
- See all details
Customers who bought this item also bought
Editorial Reviews
About the author, product details.
- Publisher : Adlard Coles (October 29, 2019)
- Language : English
- Hardcover : 224 pages
- ISBN-10 : 1472965418
- ISBN-13 : 978-1472965417
- Item Weight : 1.7 pounds
- Dimensions : 6.92 x 0.79 x 10.15 inches
- #1,370 in Boating (Books)
About the author
Discover more of the author’s books, see similar authors, read author blogs and more
Customer reviews
- 5 star 4 star 3 star 2 star 1 star 5 star 73% 13% 13% 0% 0% 73%
- 5 star 4 star 3 star 2 star 1 star 4 star 73% 13% 13% 0% 0% 13%
- 5 star 4 star 3 star 2 star 1 star 3 star 73% 13% 13% 0% 0% 13%
- 5 star 4 star 3 star 2 star 1 star 2 star 73% 13% 13% 0% 0% 0%
- 5 star 4 star 3 star 2 star 1 star 1 star 73% 13% 13% 0% 0% 0%
Customer Reviews, including Product Star Ratings help customers to learn more about the product and decide whether it is the right product for them.
To calculate the overall star rating and percentage breakdown by star, we don’t use a simple average. Instead, our system considers things like how recent a review is and if the reviewer bought the item on Amazon. It also analyzed reviews to verify trustworthiness.
No customer reviews
- Amazon Newsletter
- About Amazon
- Accessibility
- Sustainability
- Press Center
- Investor Relations
- Amazon Devices
- Amazon Science
- Sell on Amazon
- Sell apps on Amazon
- Supply to Amazon
- Protect & Build Your Brand
- Become an Affiliate
- Become a Delivery Driver
- Start a Package Delivery Business
- Advertise Your Products
- Self-Publish with Us
- Become an Amazon Hub Partner
- › See More Ways to Make Money
- Amazon Visa
- Amazon Store Card
- Amazon Secured Card
- Amazon Business Card
- Shop with Points
- Credit Card Marketplace
- Reload Your Balance
- Amazon Currency Converter
- Your Account
- Your Orders
- Shipping Rates & Policies
- Amazon Prime
- Returns & Replacements
- Manage Your Content and Devices
- Recalls and Product Safety Alerts
- Registry & Gift List
- Conditions of Use
- Privacy Notice
- Consumer Health Data Privacy Disclosure
- Your Ads Privacy Choices
Professional BoatBuilder Magazine
Cfd for powerboat design, part 2.
By Clay Ratcliffe , Jul 20, 2021
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling of the aerodynamics of a Doug Wright Designs 32′ (9.75m) high-speed catamaran revealed that while it ran at 100 mph, air compressed between the hulls, deck, and water was creating a backflow high in the tunnel and leaking out the front to mix with the airflow over the deck.
CFD analysis of hull aerodynamics holds the potential to answer many performance questions, including the cause of an infamous side-by-side blow-over of identical high-performance catamarans during competition in Key West in 2019.
In Part 1 of our series “ Accommodating Higher Power ” (Professional BoatBuilder No. 191) we explored a case study of hull refinement and the practical application of recent advances in computer modeling to the art and science of hydrodynamics. Looking back at the traditions of modern boat manufacturing, we delved into bottom design, old-school versus new-school tooling methods, and learned how builders can update trusted hulls with improved running surfaces.
Here in Part 2 we’ll look at aerodynamics—making improvements above the waterline. —Ed.
Eighty percent of the surface of a standard high-performance monohull or catamaran is out of the water, running through air. I remember as a kid putting my arm out the rear window of our car, twisting my hand right and left, and feeling lift and downforce for the first time. We all have experienced that exercise, and the aerodynamic laws we learned as kids hold true with any object surrounded by air. As boat designers and builders, how much attention do we give to that 80% of the hull surface, and how important is it?
Our Part 1 hydrodynamics case study vessel was a 32 ‘ (9.75m) Doug Wright Designs open-cockpit catamaran. We performed what CAD designers call reverse engineering. We started with an object in completed form, but we didn’t have modern triangulated point-to-point computerized coordinates to form a CAD file. Thus, with the aid of FARO Technologies (Lake Mary, Florida) we scanned the entire vessel to an accuracy of 0.004 “ (0.1mm). Then, with the help of Dimensional Engineering (Houston, Texas), we transformed the raw data into a full-mesh watertight stereolithography (STL) file suitable for the next step: computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling of the hull’s hydrodynamics and aerodynamics.
When these boats are flying, as they frequently do during competition, tunnel pressure is released but must be quickly and smoothly reestablished when the boat recontacts the water. The risks are that while airborne the boats will either catch too much air and flip over backward or bury the bow when they land right-side up.
See the Air
Before working in performance boats, I was in auto racing and a fan of Dale Earnhardt. He often said he could “see the air” as he entered the corner. I remember watching him come in from the first 100 miles (161 km) of a Super Speedway at Talladega slouched down in the seat, five-point harness loosened, his hands loosely grasping two rungs of the steering wheel. He asked for 1.5 lbs (1.5 psi/0.1 bar) in the right-side tires and half a turn on the left rear suspension. He was conducting seat-of-the-pants “tuning,” because he could see (and feel) the air and the dynamics it had on an object slicing through it at 200 mph (322 kmh) on the back straight. Granted, in a boat we are aware not only of primary forces coming from the right and the left like a race car on a twisty high-speed road course but also oncoming waves, quartering seas, winds from all directions, and shifting loads that can move the center of gravity. But with 80% of the boat’s surface area in the air, let’s look at how we can “see” the air and modify it to enhance boat performance, efficiency, and safety.
From a camera’s point of view at the water’s surface it is easy to see that when traveling at speed, a high-performance catamaran is barely in the water. The weight supported by the water is close to zero, meaning the boat is actually “flying” on a cushion of air.
Headwinds and turbulent wave structures launch the high-speed catamaran and make it airborne often more than 50% of its operational duty cycle. Once the vessel launches, all the hydrodynamic hull design we refined in Part 1 is of little consequence until the next impact with the water. With engines mounted at the aft extremity of the boat momentarily unsupported by water, the stern drops, the bow rises, and the boat becomes an airplane in stall mode without the benefit of wings, ailerons, flaps, or other controls. If it doesn’t flip over backward, it then crashes back into the water transom first, tripping, and then risking stuffing the bow torpedo fashion in the wave ahead of it.
Key West World Championships
This simultaneous side-by-side blow-over during competition got the attention of the crowd and led driver Scott Porta, who was racing just ahead of the accident, to pursue CFD analysis of the dynamics between the two boats running at speed.
During the last Race World Offshore World Championships in Key West (November 6, 2019), an unexpected and unfortunate incident occurred in the Super Stock class race. Boat owners Bill Allen (Allen Lawn Care Race Team) and Loren Peters (Loren Peters Racing) were running side by side in two equally designed Doug Wright 32 ‘ race-prepared catamarans when they simultaneously flipped 180°, bow over stern. The accidental “blow-over” appeared to be choreographed. Fortunately, no one was injured, but many on the race course that day wondered how two boats running side by side could instantly go from running on a horizontal plane to vertical and then back to horizontal in a split second.
For the drivers, the experience was unbelievably fast and nearly indecipherable as far as aerodynamic analysis goes. Bill Allen (owner/throttleman, Allen Lawn Care Racing) recalled it like this: “I was a little short on room, and I don’t know if they didn’t know I was there or what…. I think, you know, that we got together, and it blew over. So, at the time that we made initial contact, we were at 106 mph. But I can say this, I guess in a boat race when you bump, stuff goes crazy.”
Loren Peters (owner/throttleman, LPC Racing): “Billy Allen was coming up on the starboard side.… I scooted over a little and Billy did the same thing. All of a sudden, we’re right up next to each other. We were deck to deck. I see Billy going up, and right after that, I felt lift. My life flashed before my eyes. We went completely over in a split second.”
Scott Porta (owner/throttleman, Porta Performance ) was throttling the catamaran just ahead. He describes the incident: “We were probably running 113 mph. The two boats just behind us were side by side trying to conduct a straightaway pass and positioning for the turn. These two [boats] naturally gathered up next to each other. The compressed tunnel air that normally escapes from under the sides of the boats was stopped when these guys got next to each other. The increased tunnel pressure easily pushed the bows up. Then the wind-drag and momentum took over. Think of it like when you try to slam a refrigerator door as hard as you can and the gasket traps the escaping air and prevents a hard closing of the door. The idea of boats gathering up next to each other and having a blow-over actually isn’t new and is common in single-engine tunnel boat racing. However, this may be a first for an offshore race.”
Porta’s ongoing efforts to refine the running surfaces of these Wright-designed catamarans for competition and recreational use were informed by this dramatic episode as well as by his own accumulated time behind the wheel on that model.
Porta: “Catamarans run on a cushion of air. There are physics issues we felt the need to address. With race and recreational cats running well over 100 mph, our mission has been to improve design: first, to create the largest possible margins for safety in turns and rough water; second, to design for softer landings to reduce driver fatigue and equipment failure; third, to reduce running surface drag for improved performance at lower trim angles. The resulting reduction in frontal area increases speed and stability while creating a larger window of safety. Aerodynamics is the next frontier to explore for the biggest possible untapped gains.”
To simulate the blow-over, we had two options: the conventional wind tunnel and model construction, or computational fluid dynamics (CFD). As in Part 1, CFD was the easy choice for obtaining results quickly and the ability to model subsequent design remedies. Again, we chose TotalSim US (Dublin, Ohio) as our technology partner.
Let’s review the particulars of the case study boat and the theoretical running conditions:
- Doug Wright 32 ‘ wide-tunnel catamaran
- 5,000 lbs (2,268 kg) fully fueled, ready for passengers
- Twin Mercury 300XS engines (300 hp, approximately 600 lbs/272 kg each)
- Flat water
- Wind speed 0 mph
- Design speed 100+ mph (161+ kmh)
As speeds approach 100 mph, two primary dynamics contribute to lift and resultant speed on this model:
Engine lift—With a bullet-shaped gearcase and the X-dimension raised to a high level, a hydrodynamic phenomenon occurs. The half-submerged gearcase alone generates enough lift to carry the entire weight of the 600-lb outboard.
Hull lift—The shape of the catamaran tunnel captures and traps air between the sponsons, thus providing lift that supports most of the weight of the boat.
The CFD Assessment and Conclusion
Nathan Eagles, principal at TotalSim, and Scott Porta set out to see how the air currents at 100+ mph influence handling, speed, and efficiency of the catamaran. When Eagles saw the footage and spoke with Porta about the tandem liftoff at Key West, his immediate thought was to apply the tools and experience from other motorsports work to help explain why this happened and potentially develop some countermeasures that could reduce the risk of it reoccurring.
At the beginning of the project, Eagles offered a corollary: “Assessing safety and developing countermeasures to reduce the risks posed by aerodynamic forces when vehicles get outside their normal operating envelope is something the motorsports community has worked hard to address for many years. My initial foray was as head of CFD at the Williams F1 Formula One team, where I worked with the F.I.A. [Fédération Internationale de l’Automobile, the sport’s governing body—Ed.] to understand the forces acting on an F1 car as [it] pitched nose up, and at which angle the aero forces overpowered the weight and inertia forces.”
Later, during the development of the aero kits, TotalSim responded to one of the requirements imposed by Indycar. When the nose pitches up, the new bodywork was to be more stable than its predecessor while traveling sideways and/or backward. This meant that as the shape and the form of the car developed for efficient downforce and drag production around the track, TotalSim had to make sure the forces and moments acted to ground the car if it got airborne (its aero kit won the 100th running of the Indy 500 with no serious accidents).
Angles Assessed in Blow-Over Model
The first step in analyzing the Key West event was to understand the typical forces and moments acting on the Doug Wright 32 when running where Porta was out in front and on his own. To do this, Eagles took the same geometry file Dimensional Engineering had created from the FARO scan and built a CFD model that focused only on the surface in contact with the air.
Eagles: “We set the angle of the hull relative to a flat sea state at several positions (Figure 1) and then assessed the forces and moments at each of those positions (Figure 2). The key forces under consideration are the drag (force acting against the forward motion) and lift (vertical force pushing up away from the water). The result of the combination of the lift and drag forces was a pitching moment (nose-up) about the center of gravity created by these forces.”
We can see from Figure 2 that as the angle of the isolated boat increases from 0° to 50°, the drag and lift forces (and resultant) increase as well, as does the pitching moment. We also see that the resultant is nonlinear, meaning that as the angle changes, the curves get steeper, indicating that doubling or tripling the angle more than doubles or triples the forces and moments. This characteristic implies gross instability, because once the aerodynamic forces exceed the weight of the boat and the bow starts to lift, the forces continue to increase at a rate that makes correction exceedingly difficult.
Attack Angle Influence on Lift, Drag, and Pitching Moment of Single Boat
Having established the characteristics of the isolated boat, the next step was to place the boats side by side to see if anything changed. From the footage and the comments from the pilots, Eagles positioned the virtual boats 3 ‘ (0.91m) apart, set the angle of attack (AOA) at 5°, and ran the simulation. Figure 3 shows the same isolated boat forces and moments with the two-boat simulation data superimposed on top. The results are quite dramatic.
We see both drag and lift increasing compared to the isolated boat, with the drag on each of the side-by-side boats being equivalent to the drag on an isolated boat at around a 7° AOA (suggesting they may be slowing each other down), while the lift of the side-by-side boats is equivalent to an isolated boat at around 16°.The huge changes in lift and associated pitching moment change are greater than the restoring moment of the weight, so the boats are no longer trimmed out, and the bows begin to rise.
Dynamics of a Single Boat vs Boats Running Side by Side
As we saw in Figure 2, as the angle increases, so do the forces; and as the bows come up, the forces go up, the bows rise some more, and this continues until the boat flips over. The CFD force data illustrate a dynamic that would lead to the event we saw in Key West. But why did it happen?
This is where CFD really starts to show its strengths. The forces we have looked at are a result of pressure changes on the surface of the hull. These changes are created by local accelerations and decelerations of the air as it washes over the hull and deck, and CFD can show us how and why these occur. In Figures 4a and 4b the underside of the hull colored by the component of pressure is creating lift for the two different configurations. Yellow depicts low amounts of lift; red is high lift; green is low levels of downforce (the aerodynamic force pulling the boat toward the water); and blue is high downforce.
CFD of Lift and Downward Force on Single Boat
The plots show that the entire tunnel surface is creating lift whether the boat is alone or side by side, and there is not much change between the two scenarios. However, the sponsons tell a different story. The isolated boat is showing strong downforce coming from both sponsons at the section just ahead of where the hull meets the water (blue patch midway down the sponson). This downforce is generated by the air accelerating in the narrowing gap between the hull and the water surface. This is illustrated in Figure 5a as velocity vectors colored by speed, with blue showing low speed and red showing high speed.
Eagles: “As air enters the tunnel, it starts to slow down as it packs up under the boat, and as it progresses it gets squeezed into a tighter volume and starts to push out at the sides, accelerating (red arrows) as it washes outboard over the hull surface. As the air accelerates, its pressure drops, creating suction, and this in turn generates a force pulling the hull towards the water. There are some effects also happening on the deck side, but these are secondary compared to the hull and have not been covered here.”
CFD of Lift and Downward Force on Boats Running Side by Side
Looking at the side-by-side configuration in Figure 4b, we see an effect on the outer sponson similar to what is seen on the isolated boat. However, on the inside sponson we see most of that downforce has been eliminated and replaced by lift across the majority of the surface. This is the source of the liftoff mechanism that caused the blow-over. The velocity vectors of the side-by-side configuration show that air is unable to get out as effectively, as it’s blocked by the sponson of the adjacent boat, as illustrated by the slow-moving blue arrows in Figure 5b. This slow-moving air has higher pressure and therefore does not create the suction we saw in the isolated boat, with the net result that the inside sponsons on both boats now create significantly more lift, disrupting their stable trim and causing the bows of the nearly identical hulls traveling at the same speed to flip quickly and almost simultaneously.
CFD of Air Velocity on Single Boat
“The simplest way to reduce the risk of this happening in the future is to make sure there is sufficient gap between boats that the air can get out,” Eagles said. “However, racing being racing, when you are fighting for the patch of water leading around the buoy, I suspect that this probably will not be what is at the forefront of your thinking.”
He concluded: “A more practical solution would be to adopt something like Indycar or NASCAR and add a device to the boat that when deployed creates a counteracting force that cancels out the lift and stabilizes the pitching moment. This could be a passive device [auto-deploying] or active [driver initiated] and will require discussion with the governing bodies to make sure it does not adversely impact the racing or create issues of its own. I sense there might be a new project on the horizon.”
CFD of Air Velocity on Boats Running Side by Side
Real-World Aerodynamics
Most relevant to designers and builders of recreational powerboats, our case studies show that aerodynamic design really starts affecting a boat above 60 mph (97 kmh). With multiple higher horsepower outboards being bolted on the transom, almost every boat manufacturer has a model capable of that speed, but aerodynamics are relevant on more sedate vessels as well. Builders use phrases like dry ride, acoustically tuned cockpit, comfortable, and wind free to describe the virtues of even a 20-knot boat. That’s no surprise when social media is full of posts about how “car-like” their recent boating experience had been. The current automotive comfort expectations have raised the bar for everyone. Gone are the days of the passengers in a top-down convertible being exhilarated by the wind in their hair on a gusty open highway. Modern convertibles are acoustically and aerodynamically refined. The open sky is still overhead, but engineering has all but eliminated the noise and wind of the convertible.
Let’s say that a boat owner drives to the marina in a quiet and aerodynamically refined convertible before boarding a newly acquired sport boat, a product that may cost twice or three times as much as the car. Shouldn’t expectations for comfort and noise be the same on the boat as in the car?
Jake Fraleigh, president of Eliminator Boats (Mira Loma, California), on the importance of aerodynamics to his recreational models: “In the past we used a higher deck, and we noticed that people in the back of our cockpits were getting lots of wind buffeting. Our newest models have flattened decks. We pulled the ‘bubble’ out of our top deck, and that allowed our new windshield design to positively affect our aerodynamics for cockpit comfort.”
Because Eliminator is installing more outboards, which means the boats go faster, Fraleigh said, “on both our 31 and 33, we are widening our tunnels now and changing the slope of the deck and tunnel entry, therefore creating more tunnel pressure. We have even added 45° angles to the sponson area upper-deck plane entering the tunnel for better entrapment of air under the boat. We have focused on more lift and therefore a faster, more agile boat.”
Nigel Hook, owner of SilverHook Powerboats (Sanford, Florida), confirmed the importance of CFD modeling during design and model refinement. “The SilverHook was designed as perfectly aerodynamic [with the help of CFD] by Ocke Mannerfeldt of the Swedish firm Mannerfelt Design Team. It has wings, although not movable; it has automatic stabilization. The consumer design has the same CFD advantage. It is fast, efficient, and safe. Only through aerodynamics are we able to manifest the true race-proven features.”
For now, the new minimum expectation for North American powerboat buyers is twin outboards, and the new normal is triples or quads on higher end vessels. More power adds speed, and with speed, airflow becomes very important to boat designers and builders. Boats can and do fly, if only for brief intervals, but managing their seakeeping, safety, handling, and comfort at those speeds requires as much attention to aerodynamic design and analysis as to hydrodynamics. To that end, more manufacturers are using CFD modeling to create and simulate the performance of any given design, especially as they pile on more power to meet market expectations. The results can range from understanding and correcting sources of dangerous instabilities and performance flaws, to quieting the ride in the cockpit and keeping the hair out of your eyes.
Read more Companies , Design , Racing articles
- From Langan Design Partners, a Classic Cutter
Designing, engineering, and building sailing yachts 90′ (27.4m) or more in length once was common in the U.S. It’s happening again at Rockport Marine in Maine: Project Ouzel, a 95′… Read more »
Isobel Combines Classic Looks and Modern Tech
From the drawing board of Stephens Waring Design (Belfast, Maine) comes Isobel, a 26’6″ (8.5m) 1950s-inspired runabout being built at nearby Belmont Boatworks. The boat was commissioned by a longtime… Read more »
Raptor Deck: From Startup to Global Supplier
“We had no inkling of creating a business or anything. It was just a total fluke.” Dan Kaseler still chuckles when he relates the story that led him to start… Read more »
Recent Posts
- Volvo-Penta’s Bid to Future-Proof IPS
- AIRMAR Achieves World’s First OneNet Product Certification
- Infusing a Workboat Hull with Elium
- Counting Carbon with LCA
- Companies (91)
- Construction (115)
- Design (168)
- Drawing Board (11)
- Education (29)
- Environment (18)
- Events (22)
- Materials (55)
- Obituary (18)
- People/Profiles (49)
- Products (18)
- Propulsion Systems (35)
- Racing (17)
- Repair (37)
- Rovings (326)
- Short Cuts (3)
- Sponsored Partner News (19)
- Systems (80)
- Task Sheet (1)
- Uncategorized (29)
- Wood to Glass (8)
Thermal-hydraulic performance analysis and multi-objective optimization of a microchannel with staggered semi-elliptical ribs
- Published: 13 September 2024
Cite this article
- Pan Cui 1 ,
- Wei Liu 1 &
- ZhiChun Liu 1
To enhance the cooling capacity of traditional microchannels for high heat flux electronic devices, a microchannel design with staggered semi-elliptical ribs is proposed in this paper. Through numerical simulations, the flow characteristics of the designed microchannel are compared with those of a smooth one, and the effects of rib width ( W r ), rib height ( H r ), and rib length ( L r ), on the thermal-hydraulic performance are investigated under laminar flow conditions. The results show that the periodically arranged ribs induce periodic vortices within the microchannel, effectively promoting fluid mixing and enhancing heat transfer. W r and H r have similar effects on microchannel performance, with an increase in them leading to an enhanced thermal performance at the expense of deteriorated hydraulic performance. Additionally, L r has a comparatively weaker influence, with both the heat transfer and flow resistance initially growing with increasing L r and then declining. To strike a balance between the two performances, a multi-objective optimization on the three geometrical parameters is conducted at a Reynolds number ( Re ) of 440. Combined with simulation data, artificial neural networks are trained as surrogate models, and a multi-objective genetic algorithm is employed to derive the Pareto front. Using the TOPSIS decision-making method, an optimal compromise solution is determined as W r = 0.2415 mm, H r = 0.0976 mm, and L r = 0.6486 mm. Performance testing on the optimized microchannel reveals that it exhibits high heat transfer, middle flow resistance, and excellent overall performance, with the performance evaluation criterion (PEC) falling between 1.572 and 1.723 within the Re range of 220–660.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this article
Subscribe and save.
- Get 10 units per month
- Download Article/Chapter or eBook
- 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
- Cancel anytime
Price includes VAT (Russian Federation)
Instant access to the full article PDF.
Rent this article via DeepDyve
Institutional subscriptions
Similar content being viewed by others
Designing Interrupted Microchannel Heat Sink with Ribbed Microchambers by Single and Bi-objective Optimizations of Numerical Results
Multi-objective optimization of microchannel heat sink with Cantor fractal structure based on Pareto genetic algorithm
Effect of cylindrical ribs location in a fan-shaped cavity on thermo-hydraulic performance of a microchannel heatsink
Explore related subjects.
- Artificial Intelligence
He Z, Yan Y, Zhang Z. Thermal management and temperature uniformity enhancement of electronic devices by micro heat sinks: A review. Energy, 2021, 216: 119223
Article Google Scholar
Sadique H, Murtaza Q, Samsher Q. Heat transfer augmentation in microchannel heat sink using secondary flows: A review. Int J Heat Mass Transfer, 2022, 194: 123063
Du L, Hu W. An overview of heat transfer enhancement methods in microchannel heat sinks. Chem Eng Sci, 2023, 280: 119081
Li S, Zhang H, Cheng J, et al. A state-of-the-art overview on the developing trend of heat transfer enhancement by single-phase flow at micro scale. Int J Heat Mass Transfer, 2019, 143: 118476
Yan Z, Huang X, Yang C. Hydrodynamic effects on particle deposition in microchannel flows at elevated temperatures. J Heat Transfer, 2018, 140: 012402
Tuckerman D B, Pease R F W. High-performance heat sinking for VLSI. IEEE Electron Device Lett, 1981, 2: 126–129
Hu D H, Zhang Z W, Li Q. Numerical study on flow and heat transfer characteristics of microchannel designed using topological optimizations method. Sci China Tech Sci, 2019, 63: 105–115
Rimbault B, Nguyen C T, Galanis N. Experimental investigation of CuO–water nanofluid flow and heat transfer inside a microchannel heat sink. Int J Therm Sci, 2014, 84: 275–292
Mohammed H A, Gunnasegaran P, Shuaib N H. Influence of channel shape on the thermal and hydraulic performance of microchannel heat sink. Int Commun Heat Mass Transfer, 2011, 38: 474–480
Wen Z X, Lv Y G, Li Q. Comparative study on flow and heat transfer characteristics of sinusoidal and zigzag channel printed circuit heat exchangers. Sci China Tech Sci, 2020, 63: 655–667
Ansari M Q, Zhou G. Flow and heat transfer analysis of microchannels structured with rectangular surface roughness. Chem Eng Processing-Process Intensification, 2020, 156: 108066
Hong F, Cheng P. Three dimensional numerical analyses and optimization of offset strip-fin microchannel heat sinks. Int Commun Heat Mass Transfer, 2009, 36: 651–656
Kuppusamy N R, Mohammed H A, Lim C W. Thermal and hydraulic characteristics of nanofluid in a triangular grooved microchannel heat sink (TGMCHS). Appl Math Computation, 2014, 246: 168–183
Article MathSciNet Google Scholar
Xia G D, Zhai Y L, Cui Z Z. Characteristics of entropy generation and heat transfer in a microchannel with fan-shaped reentrant cavities and internal ribs. Sci China Tech Sci, 2013, 56: 1629–1635
Lan Y, Feng Z, Huang K, et al. Effects of truncated and offset pin-fins on hydrothermal performance and entropy generation in a rectangular microchannel heat sink with variable fluid properties. Int Commun Heat Mass Transfer, 2021, 124: 105258
Chai L, Xia G D, Wang H S. Parametric study on thermal and hydraulic characteristics of laminar flow in microchannel heat sink with fan-shaped ribs on sidewalls—Part 1: Heat transfer. Int J Heat Mass Transfer, 2016, 97: 1069–1080
Chai L, Xia G D, Wang H S. Parametric study on thermal and hydraulic characteristics of laminar flow in microchannel heat sink with fan-shaped ribs on sidewalls—Part 2: Pressure drop. Int J Heat Mass Transfer, 2016, 97: 1081–1090
Chai L, Xia G D, Wang H S. Parametric study on thermal and hydraulic characteristics of laminar flow in microchannel heat sink with fan-shaped ribs on sidewalls—Part 3: Performance evaluation. Int J Heat Mass Transfer, 2016, 97: 1091–1101
Di Capua H M, Escobar R, Diaz A J, et al. Enhancement of the cooling capability of a high concentration photovoltaic system using microchannels with forward triangular ribs on sidewalls. Appl Energy, 2018, 226: 160–180
Pan M, Wang H, Zhong Y, et al. Experimental investigation of the heat transfer performance of microchannel heat exchangers with fan-shaped cavities. Int J Heat Mass Transfer, 2019, 134: 1199–1208
Khan M, Shuja S Z, Yilbas B S, et al. A case study on innovative design and assessment of a microchannel heat sink with various turbulators arrangements. Case Studies Therm Eng, 2022, 31: 101816
Lori M S, Vafai K. Heat transfer and fluid flow analysis of microchannel heat sinks with periodic vertical porous ribs. Appl Therm Eng, 2022, 205: 118059
Wang G, Chen T, Tian M, et al. Fluid and heat transfer characteristics of microchannel heat sink with truncated rib on sidewall. Int J Heat Mass Transfer, 2020, 148: 119142
Li P, Luo Y, Zhang D, et al. Flow and heat transfer characteristics and optimization study on the water-cooled microchannel heat sinks with dimple and pin-fin. Int J Heat Mass Transfer, 2018, 119: 152–162
Wang X Y, Xu X H, Liang X G. Enhancement of laminar flow heat transfer with single/double-inclined ribs for unilaterally-heated channel. Sci China Tech Sci, 2023, 66: 2108–2118
Fiebig M. Embedded vortices in internal flow: Heat transfer and pressure loss enhancement. Int J Heat Fluid Flow, 1995, 16: 376–388
Awais M, Bhuiyan A A. Heat transfer enhancement using different types of vortex generators (VGs): A review on experimental and numerical activities. Therm Sci Eng Prog, 2018, 5: 524–545
Wang Y, Zhou B, Liu Z, et al. Numerical study and performance analyses of the mini-channel with discrete double-inclined ribs. Int J Heat Mass Transfer, 2014, 78: 498–505
Chen C, Teng J T, Cheng C H, et al. A study on fluid flow and heat transfer in rectangular microchannels with various longitudinal vortex generators. Int J Heat Mass Transfer, 2014, 69: 203–214
Ebrahimi A, Roohi E, Kheradmand S. Numerical study of liquid flow and heat transfer in rectangular microchannel with longitudinal vortex generators. Appl Therm Eng, 2015, 78: 576–583
Zhang J F, Jia L, Yang W W, et al. Numerical analysis and parametric optimization on flow and heat transfer of a microchannel with longitudinal vortex generators. Int J Therm Sci, 2019, 141: 211–221
Gönül A, Okbaz A, Kayaci N, et al. Flow optimization in a microchannel with vortex generators using genetic algorithm. Appl Therm Eng, 2022, 201: 117738
Cheng J C, Tsay Y L, Liu C T, et al. Heat transfer enhancement of microchannel heat sink with longitudinal vortex generators and bypass jet flow. Numer Heat Transfer Part A-Appl, 2020, 77: 807–819
Zheng S, Feng Z, Lin Q, et al. Numerical investigation on thermal–hydraulic characteristics in a mini-channel with trapezoidal cross-section longitudinal vortex generators. Appl Therm Eng, 2022, 205: 118004
Feng Z, Jiang P, Zheng S, et al. Experimental and numerical investigations on the effects of insertion-type longitudinal vortex generators on flow and heat transfer characteristics in square minichannels. Energy, 2023, 278: 127855
Feng Z, Zhou C, Guo F, et al. The effects of staggered triangular ribs induced vortex flow on hydrothermal behavior and entropy generation in microchannel heat sink. Int J Therm Sci, 2023, 191: 108331
Al-Asadi M T, Alkasmoul F S, Wilson M C T. Heat transfer enhancement in a micro-channel cooling system using cylindrical vortex generators. Int Commun Heat Mass Transfer, 2016, 74: 40–47
Kumar Das A, Hiremath S S. Experimental and numerical analysis of thermohydraulic performance and entropy-generation in a rectangular microchannel for laminar and single-phase flow: Parametric study and multi-objective optimization. Therm Sci Eng Prog, 2022, 33: 101375
Ge Y, Liu Z, Shan F, et al. Multi-objective arrangement optimization of a tube bundle in cross-flow using CFD and genetic algorithm. Energy Procedia, 2017, 142: 3774–3779
Shi C Y, Yu M J, Liu W, et al. Shape optimization of corrugated tube using B-spline curve for convective heat transfer enhancement based on machine learning. Sci China Tech Sci, 2022, 65: 2734–2750
Zheng Z J, Xu Y, He Y L. Thermal analysis of a solar parabolic trough receiver tube with porous insert optimized by coupling genetic algorithm and CFD. Sci China Tech Sci, 2016, 59: 1475–1485
Yang Y T, Tang H W, Ding W P. Optimization design of microchannel heat sink using nanofluid by numerical simulation coupled with genetic algorithm. Int Commun Heat Mass Transfer, 2016, 72: 29–38
Husain A, Kim K Y. Enhanced multi-objective optimization of a microchannel heat sink through evolutionary algorithm coupled with multiple surrogate models. Appl Therm Eng, 2010, 30: 1683–1691
Sikirica A, Grbčić L, Kranjčević L. Machine learning based surrogate models for microchannel heat sink optimization. Appl Therm Eng, 2023, 222: 119917
Das A K, Hiremath S S. Multi-objective optimization of a novel butterfly-wing vortex generator fabricated in a rectangular microchannel based on CFD and NSGA-II genetic algorithm. Appl Therm Eng, 2023, 234: 121187
Wang G, Ding G, Liu R, et al. Multi-objective optimization of a bidirectional-ribbed microchannel based on CFD and NSGA-II genetic algorithm. Int J Therm Sci, 2022, 181: 107731
Xiao H, Liu Z, Liu W. Conjugate heat transfer enhancement in the mini-channel heat sink by realizing the optimized flow pattern. Appl Therm Eng, 2021, 182: 116131
Chai L, Xia G, Wang L, et al. Heat transfer enhancement in microchannel heat sinks with periodic expansion–constriction cross-sections. Int J Heat Mass Transfer, 2013, 62: 741–751
Chai L, Xia G D, Wang H S. Numerical study of laminar flow and heat transfer in microchannel heat sink with offset ribs on sidewalls. Appl Therm Eng, 2016, 92: 32–41
Zhu Q, Xia H, Chen J, et al. Fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics of microchannel heat sinks with different groove shapes. Int J Therm Sci, 2021, 161: 106721
Sudheer A P, Madanan U. Numerical investigation into heat transfer augmentation in a square minichannel heat sink using butterfly inserts. Therm Sci Eng Prog, 2022, 36: 101522
Biswas M A R, Robinson M D, Fumo N. Prediction of residential building energy consumption: A neural network approach. Energy, 2016, 117: 84–92
Ge Y, Liu Z, Liu W. Multi-objective genetic optimization of the heat transfer for tube inserted with porous media. Int J Heat Mass Transfer, 2016, 101: 981–987
Download references
Author information
Authors and affiliations.
School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
Pan Cui, Wei Liu & ZhiChun Liu
You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar
Corresponding author
Correspondence to ZhiChun Liu .
Additional information
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52076088) and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2022YFB4003801) .
Rights and permissions
Reprints and permissions
About this article
Cui, P., Liu, W. & Liu, Z. Thermal-hydraulic performance analysis and multi-objective optimization of a microchannel with staggered semi-elliptical ribs. Sci. China Technol. Sci. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-023-2686-0
Download citation
Received : 27 December 2023
Accepted : 22 May 2024
Published : 13 September 2024
DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-023-2686-0
Share this article
Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:
Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.
Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative
- heat transfer enhancement
- microchannel
- semi-elliptical rib
- numerical simulation
- multi-objective optimization
- Find a journal
- Publish with us
- Track your research
IMAGES
VIDEO
COMMENTS
Set to become the bible for powerboat owners and operators for years to come, this long overdue analysis and review of modern powerboat design and operation explores how powerboats have developed, why, and how design impacts on control and performance.Every aspect of the powerboat's design is considered individually and as part of the whole.
Powerboat design & performance.indb 5 29/06/2019 18:21. Powerboat design & performance.indb 6 29/06/2019 18:21. 7 INTRODUCTION Opposite: The author drives a gas turbine powered 3-pointer at 150 mph. INTRODUCTION Ever since steam engines were first installed in boats in the 1780s, the evolution of boat
The definitive book on powerboat design and performance--a unique wealth of material from the internationally renowned expert in powerboating, featuring contributions from leading designers on everything from hull design to propulsion. ... Ebook (PDF) +1 other formats. Lofting a Boat. Roger Kopanycia. $37.79. Ebook (PDF ...
Powerboat Design and Performance: Expert Insight into Developments Past and Future. 2019, Bloomsbury Publishing Plc. in English. 1472965396 9781472965394. zzzz. Not in Library. Libraries near you: WorldCat. 3. Powerboat Design and Performance: Expert Insight into Developments Past and Future.
All about powerboats : understanding design and performance ... All about powerboats : understanding design and performance by Marshall, Roger, 1944-Publication date 2002 ... Pdf_module_version 0.0.18 Ppi 360 Rcs_key 24143 Republisher_date 20220223212553 ...
Set to become the bible for powerboat owners and operators for years to come, this long overdue analysis and review of modern powerboat design and operation explores how powerboats have developed, why, and how design impacts on control and performance. Every aspect of the powerboat's design is considered individually and as part of the whole.
Set to become the bible for powerboat owners and operators for years to come, this long overdue analysis and review of modern powerboat design and operation exp…
Powerboat Design and Performance: Expert insight into developments past and future 1st Edition is written by Dag Pike and published by Adlard Coles. The Digital and eTextbook ISBNs for Powerboat Design and Performance are 9781472965400, 147296540X and the print ISBNs are 9781472965417, 1472965418. Save up to 80% versus print by going digital with VitalSource.
Set to become the bible for powerboat owners and operators for years to come, this long overdue analysis and review of modern powerboat design and operation explores how powerboats have developed, why, and how design impacts on control and performance.Every aspect of the powerboat's design is considered individually and as part of the whole. Different hull designs, including multihull and ...
Set to become the bible for powerboat owners and operators for years to come, this long overdue analysis and review of modern powerboat design and operation explores how powerboats have developed, why, and how design impacts on control and performance. Every aspect of the powerboat's design is considered individually and as part of the whole.
Sorensen's guide to powerboats : how to evaluate design, construction, and performance ... 10. Enginerooms -- 11. In command: helm station, bridge, and pilothouse design -- 12. Safety at sea -- 13. Accommodations -- 14. Evaluating your next boat. pt. 1 From survey to sea trial. pt. 2. The boats -- 15. ... EPUB and PDF access not available for ...
He is the author of 12 boating books, including The Complete Guide to Choosing a Cruising Sailboat (1999), All About Powerboats (2001), and Rough Weather Seamanship for Sail and Power (2006). An accomplished sailor, Marshall has competed at all levels of racing, including 5 Fastnet races, 11 Bermuda races, and the 1997 Atlantic Challenge from ...
Find the answers to these and scores of other frequently asked questions in All About Powerboats. Writing for any boater seeking a better understanding of modern powerboat design and handling, author Roger Marshall provides a well-illustrated, clear introduction to small powerboats (18- to 30-feet long) from the perspective of use.
Set to become the bible for powerboat owners and operators for years to come, this long overdue analysis and review of modern powerboat design and operation explores how powerboats have developed, why, and how design impacts on control and performance.
Set to become the bible for powerboat owners and operators for years to come, this long overdue analysis and review of modern powerboat design and operation explores how powerboats have developed, why, and how design impacts on control and performance. Every aspect of the powerboat's design is considered individually and as part of the whole.
design measurements, ratios, and rules. These help greatly in evaluating and comparing designs on paper. 76 • 137 Speed/ Length ) Ratio Powerboat designs are loosely categorized into three groups: displacement, semi-displacement, and planing hulls. These groupings refer to a boat's power in relation to its weight,
CFD For Powerboat Design, Part 1. By Clay Ratcliffe, May 24, 2021. Scan data are rendered into digital design files suitable for performing computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling like this one to test the hydrodynamic performance of the vessel. In its earliest days, composite boatbuilding was open to most anyone who could cut fiberglass ...
Performance, Technology and App lication of High Performance Marine Vessels Volume One xiii cushion craft (ACC) and wing in ground effect craft (WIG) to develop performance close to the physical limits of speed on a seaway. Over the last 30 years or so, a revolution in electronics has given us the
Set to become the bible for powerboat owners and operators for years to come, this long overdue analysis and review of modern powerboat design and operation explores how powerboats have developed, why, and how design impacts on control and performance.Every aspect of the powerboat's design is considered individually and as part of the whole.
CFD for Powerboat Design, Part 2. By Clay Ratcliffe, Jul 20, 2021. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling of the aerodynamics of a Doug Wright Designs 32′ (9.75m) high-speed catamaran revealed that while it ran at 100 mph, air compressed between the hulls, deck, and water was creating a backflow high in the tunnel and leaking out the ...
Choosing a powerboat is a bewildering process. There are hundreds of models, and among them you will find enormous differences in size, price, hull shape, propulsion systems, construction methods, and accommodations. To end up with the right boat, you have to develop a solid understanding of boat design, and then apply that knowledge to the makes and models actually available.
Powerboat Design And Performance DOWNLOAD Author : Dag Pike language : en Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing Release Date : 2019-10-31. Powerboat Design And Performance written by Dag Pike and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-10-31 with ...
To enhance the cooling capacity of traditional microchannels for high heat flux electronic devices, a microchannel design with staggered semi-elliptical ribs is proposed in this paper. Through numerical simulations, the flow characteristics of the designed microchannel are compared with those of a smooth one, and the effects of rib width (Wr), rib height (Hr), and rib length (Lr), on the ...