fast bilge keel yacht

Practical Boat Owner

• Digital edition

Best bilge keel yachts and twin keel yachts for drying out ashore

• Peter Poland
• April 12, 2023

Peter Poland reveals how bilge keel yachts and twin-keel designs won his respect – those that could sail well and stand on their own two feet…

Back in the late 1970s, I found myself on the horns of a dilemma. For the last decade or so I’d dismissed bilge keels and twin keels as ugly and performance sapping appendages. To my eyes, they invariably had the look of casually designed afterthoughts that had sprouted beneath nice hulls just to enable the boat to stand on its own two feet.

The boats that my company built, on the other hand, were aimed at serious sailors and I rashly assumed that anything other than a state-of-the-art fin keel or hydrodynamically efficient lifting keel would never be likely to satisfy this market.

Then my own personal boating needs underwent a change, so I had to take a flyer. Breaking my own rules and ignoring my preconceptions, I went out and spent my own hard-earned loot on a second-hand twin keeled Westerly Centaur.

Why? Because my factory and home were on the East Coast but a lot of high-profile sailing activity took place down south. So I needed a habitable floating base that could be parked on a cheap mud mooring and be able to follow the regatta circuits on which the boats I built (Sonatas, Impalas, Deltas, Medinas etc) competed.

This boat had to provide a general all-purpose home from home. And a bit of undemanding weekend pottering would be an added bonus. With my limited budget, there was only one obvious solution at the time – a Centaur.

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I soon discovered that the Centaur’s windward performance – while adequate – was hardly stimulating, especially when compared to the close winded precision of a Sonata or Impala to which I’d become accustomed.

As a result, the Centaur’s Volvo Penta motor got a lot of use when the wind went light or ahead, whereas on a reach or a run she performed satisfactorily and got us from A to B with a minimum of fuss and at a respectable speed. And she also offered comfort down below – despite the Centaur being only 26ft long I could stand up.

Design challenge

All of which got me thinking that maybe there could be more to these twin keel things than immediately met the eye. And as the sales of our fin and lifting keel speedsters began to slow over the ensuing years, I could not help noticing that the sales of our bilge or twin keeled competitors seemed to be on an ever-rising upwards trend in the 1970s and 80s.

Around 2,500 twin-keel Westerly Centaurs were built, which means there are plenty on the second hand market. Photo: Peter Poland

If we were to continue as a viable boatbuilding business, maybe we’d have to cast aside our prejudices and take a long look at these two-legged options.

So I took courage in both hands and asked our designer whether he might be willing to consider agreeing to design us some twin keels. I hastily added that of course – being the genius that he undoubtedly was – he was bound to come up with something far better than anything that had ever graced a cruising yacht’s bilge before.

Then I stood back and awaited the inevitable broadside of shock, horror and indignation. “Well,” said David Thomas (who had never designed a slow yacht in his life), “I might. I just might.

“But first I’ll need to think about it. In case you’d not noticed, twin keels have far more variables than a fin keel. The positioning of the roots relative to the centre line, the splay, the angle of attack are all variable and important. I’ll have to think twice as hard and for twice as long.”

I took this as a ‘yes’ so left it at that. And patiently awaited developments.

Gib’Sea 76 (26ft 11in) with ‘swept’ twin keels that draw 3ft 3in. Photo: Peter Poland

History of bilge keel yachts

Of course, bilge and twin keels were not a new phenomenon. They had been around for many years. When researching an earlier article on the Westerly story, I’d been fascinated by the development work done on his twin keel and twin rudder yachts by Lord Riverdale. As had my sales manager, Andy Cunningham, who wrote an excellent treatise on twin keels.

Lord Riverdale’s first twin keel sailboat was the smaller self-designed 25ft Bluebird of Thorne , built in 1924. Later Riverdale built the bigger Bluebird of Thorne (50ft) in the early 60s that he designed in collaboration with Arthur Robb. He claimed that tank-tested models indicated a 15% improvement on his earlier twin keel designs.

Bluebird of Thorne ’s owner, Lord Riverdale, had designed and built a string of cruising yachts (all with twin keels) over a period of around 40 years prior to the culminating glory of his and Robb’s 50ft steel twin keeler.

Riverdale also liked to draw the distinction between what he called ‘bilge keelers’ (meaning boats with a ballasted or unballasted centre keel and two stabilising bilge keels) and ‘twin keelers’ (boats with twin ballasted keels).

To go further back to bilge keel basics, it was probably Maurice Griffiths who did most to put bilge keel benefits into practice and bring creek crawling and ‘upright drying out’ to numerous leisure sailors.

Built from GRP, the Golden Hind 31 is a double chine, shoal draught cruiser. Photo: sailingscenes.com

Classics such as the 1957 Eventide 24 and 26, Waterwitch and 1968 Golden Hind 31 (to name but three of his many popular designs) all came with bilge keel options – featuring a substantial central ballast keel and two supporting bilge plates. The resulting shallow draught would never provide dynamic windward performance; but that was not Maurice Griffiths’s aim.

He set out to supply honest, seagoing small yachts that would be equally at home in the rough and tumble of a hostile North Sea as they were weaving between the withies and nosing their way into peaceful and shallow backwaters.

East Coast pottering is a specialised and delightful pastime that can only be enjoyed to the full in a shallow draught yacht that is capable of drying out – whether by mistake or on purpose.

Then along came Robert Tucker and his popular twin keel plywood pocket cruisers such as the Silhouette that took off in 1954. Around the same time, a French designer began to play with twin keels.

François Sergent designed the attractive 22ft Sargue with a beam of 7ft 5in; generous for that era and with reasonable accommodation. Several of this mahogany strip planked twin keeler (drawing 2ft 4in) were built, and they not only sat happily on the Breton mud – they sailed well.

The designer said: “In passage races in the St Malo-Granville area one won two firsts and a fourth in three starts against deep keel boats and centreboarders.” It’s a pity none of them made it over to our UK shores. With pleasing performance and Gallic grace, the Sargue class looked a cut above what was available over here at that time.

Westerly Nomad’s longer coachroof offered improved accommodation to the Westerly 22. Photo: Carolyn Jenkins/Alamy

Westerly 22

Mass-produced and affordable bilge keel GRP yachts only really began to fill up our foreshores after Denys Rayner set up Westerly Marine in the early 1960s. Enthused by the tractable sailing he had enjoyed in his earlier bilge keeled designs such as the jaunty little Westcoaster, he decided that the time was right to invest in a new GRP cruiser.

And so the Westerly 22 was born in 1963. The twin keels drew just 2ft 3in and gave a ballast ratio of 33.3% while a long central ‘keel’ supported the rudder and gave a secure ‘three-point landing’.

The Westerly 22 sailed adequately, sat happily on a drying mooring, and the 22 Young Tiger was seaworthy enough to make a transatlantic crossing in 1966. The longer coachroof of the later Westerly Nomad (1967) improved accommodation.

Following on from the 22’s success and Westerly’s bursting order book, Rayner pushed ahead with 25ft and 30ft models that used the same keel recipe. The burgeoning market for family cruisers was growing fast after the post war dinghy boom.

In a remarkably short time, Westerly sold almost 1,000 of these Rayner-designed yachts and the bilge keel revolution was well and truly on its way.

But even their greatest fans will admit that the sailing performance of these early models was unspectacular. Their modest draught meant that lateral resistance was minimal, so leeway when sailing to windward was considerable compared to that of a yacht with the extra bite given by deeper keels.

When buying a used twin keeler, like the Westerly Centaur or Mirage, get keel roots surveyed. Photo: Peter Poland

And the drag incurred by all that surface area on three shallow appendages cut speed through the water – especially in lighter airs. But the early Westerlys sold like hot cakes because they brought economical sailing, low cost drying moorings and carefree coastal cruising to thousands of sailors taking to the water ‘en famille’ for the first time.

As Westerly pushed remorselessly ahead, other players soon entered the twin keel market. Thames Marine set up on Canvey Island in Essex and, over many years, produced hundreds of Snapdragon cruisers. Like the early Westerlys, these boats were not – by any stretch of the imagination – racers.

While a few models offered a centreboard keel configuration, the majority were twin keelers. Accommodation was always spacious and later models had a pleasing look, thanks to their nicely proportioned coachroofs.

At the smaller end of the market, makes such as Leisures, Silhouettes, Hurleys, Tridents, Macwesters, Cobras and Alacrities – to name a few – offered twin keels as standard or as an option.

But nobody was yet putting that much thought into the designs of the keels themselves. Some builders even produced twin keels that were an integral part of the hull moulding, then filled the GRP keel cavity with iron punchings.

As a result, the keel had to be vertical (to release from the hull mould) – which is far from ideal from a performance perspective. Add a fibreglass moulding filled with iron, and it is a disaster waiting to happen if the boat dries out on rough or rocky ground.

Once the GRP keel base is worn down or punctured, saltwater can get in and rust the iron, whereupon the rest of the fibreglass keel ‘casing’ can get blown away from the rusting iron ballast inside.

Painting a Westerly Centuar while dried out. Photo: Gary Blake/Alamy

Westerly Centaur

The next real leap forward in twin keel design came courtesy of the originators of mass-produced GRP twin keel cruisers – our old friends Westerly again. As Denys Rayner’s health was fading, he enlisted the young David Sanders to take over the running of the company. Unlike Rayner, Sanders was no yacht designer. “Go to Laurent Giles,” advised Rayner.

He was aware of the bilge keel development work and tank testing that had been done by Jack Giles so reckoned design firm Laurent Giles was the most likely to take twin keel design to its next stage. It was wise advice.

When I asked Barry van Geffen (later the MD of the Laurent Giles design office) how the new generation twin keels as first used on the Centaur came into being, he said that Laurent Giles’s research and tank testing had been very revealing.

Westerly Centaur interior. Photo: sailingscenes.com

“What was learned had a significant impact on keel design, as it was discovered that through various angles of attack, heel and yaw, there was a marked change in efficiency (lift versus drag) with keels that were aligned exactly fore and aft on the hull.

The LG [Laurent Giles] team considered all the implications, along with Westerly’s insistence that for production reasons both port and starboard keel castings should come out of the same mould – and settled on a design with a 2° toe-in and veed keel base.”

Twin keel changes

So what does this tell us about Laurent Giles’s suggested changes in twin keel design? Firstly, Westerly’s insistence on symmetrical keel foils for ease of manufacture and economic considerations was fortuitous for other reasons.

Early twin keel designs were often asymmetrical – as originally advocated by the Lord Riverdale of Bluebird fame before he realised these were less effective than symmetrical keels. The theory was that the foil shape on the inside face of the leeward keel and flat shape on the outside face would generate lift (like an aeroplane’s wing) and therefore lift the boat up to windward.

Unfortunately, however, the reverse could apply to the windward keel. In addition, the water flow between the keels could produce a braking effect, thereby slowing the boat down. The effect is not unlike putting the brakes on by adopting a ‘snow plough’ stance when skiing down a mountain.

So Laurent Giles’s move to a modest 2° toe-in for maximum efficiency combined with symmetrical foils was the right way to go. The result was a marked improvement in windward performance over older bilge or twin keel yachts. And if they had gone for slightly more draught than 3ft, it would have been even better.

Westerly Griffon 22

But perhaps they continued to learn, because Centaur’s later and smaller sister – the 23ft Pageant – drew only 2in less (at 2ft 10in) despite being 3ft shorter overall. The Pageant sails well and even used to win club races in her early days. And when Ed Dubois came to design the Centaur’s successor – the 26ft Griffon – he went for 3in more draught than the Centaur and drew finer foils with less drag. So twin keel performance continued to improve.

But the early Griffon’s finer keels (with finer roots) also brought boatbuilders’ attention to the often-overlooked risks attached to bilge keels. Westerly fitted their symmetric twin keels by bolting them to small GRP ‘roots’ that formed part of the hull – rather like a GRP version of old fashioned ‘deadwood’. So the finer the keel, the finer this ‘deadwood’ stub also became.

As a result, it needed greater internal reinforcement to resist sideways movement. And the greatest ‘force’ imparted to twin keel roots – where they attach to the hull – is not necessarily encountered when the boat dries out on soft mud. It happens when the boat tries to break free from the firm grip of the mud as the tide returns and attempts to lift the hull clear of this grip. The deeper and more glutinous the mud, the harder it grips and the longer the boat’s natural buoyancy takes to lift it clear. And this is what caused damage to the early Griffon’s keel roots.

Westerly repaired the damage and reinforced subsequent models. But the lesson was there for every builder of twin keel boats to learn. It also explains why a buyer and his surveyor should inspect keel roots when assessing any possible second-hand purchase.

Hunter Horizon 26. Photo: sailingscenes.com

Hunter Horizon 26

So – to return to the request I put to David Thomas in the early 1980s for a world beating twin keel design. What did he come up with? Predictably perhaps, he took his time. We all reckoned he’d vanished into a mystical twin keel retreat. But the design that finally emerged was well worth the wait.

Thomas reckoned that the optimum angle of heel for comfortable cruising (as opposed to flat out racing) is around 15°. So he designed the keels to attach to the bilge with a 15° splay and to be slightly ‘toed in’. This way the leeward keel would be vertical when the boat was heeled 15° – thereby working at its maximum draught and presenting the biggest possible lateral area to reduce leeway.

Then he placed the keel roots as close to the centreline as was feasible while still making sure that the boat would be stable when dried out. The reasoning behind this was that the closer the keel roots are to the centreline, the less likely the windward keel is to break surface and ‘thump’ when the boat is heeled in a seaway.

The final ingredient to the new generation Thomas twin keel designs produced the most animated discussions with the builder. Any sensible designer wants as much draught as possible – to lower the centre of gravity, increase overall stability and maximise lateral resistance to reduce leeway.

The builder, however, wants to keep the draught low to increase the boat’s appeal from a marketing perspective. So a compromise always had to be negotiated, although Thomas usually won. As a result his twin keelers invariably drew more than the equivalent sized competitors’ boats .

Hunter Horizon 26 interior. Photo: sailingscenes.com

And how did such twin keels actually perform? Extremely well. Having done initial trials on a Delta 25 hull, the Thomas keels were declared to be a success by boat testers and buyers alike. The time was ripe to introduce the first Thomas-designed spacious family cruiser that could sail well and stand on its own two feet.

The long-suffering Delta hull was dragged into the tooling shop again and given a brand new deck moulding for full standing headroom, an aft heads compartment and a spacious stern cabin. The new model was named the Horizon 26 and duly won the Best Production Yacht Award at the 1984 Southampton Boat Show .

We then walked into an unexpected marketing problem. Boat owners were so used to Thomas performance and handling that they could not believe that a twin keeler would be anywhere near as good. Some potential Hunter buyers even said that they “wouldn’t be seen dead in a bilge keel yacht”.

After a bit of head scratching a solution was found. Every demonstration boat for this and subsequent Thomas cruising Hunters had the twin keel option. Any client asking for a trial sail in a fin keel version would be politely told “I’m afraid we only have one demo boat for each model and it’s a twin keeler. So why not try that and if you aren’t impressed, we can always build you a fin keeler.”

It worked a treat. Initial scepticism invariably turned to disbelief followed by delight. Sometimes a client was taken on a trial sail without being told what sort of keel lurked beneath the waterline. When invited to have a guess after returning to the marina, it was amazing how often the client thought it had a fin rather than twin keels.

This Horizon 32 twin keeler (draught 1.3m) won a Round the Island race division. Photo: Peter Poland

Bilge keel yacht design evolution

As the years passed by, Thomas’s twin keel designs continued to evolve and performance got even better. In one memorable demolition derby Round the Island Race , a Thomas-designed twin keel Horizon 32 took the heavy winds head on and won its class and its entire division.

The twin keel Horizon 21 and Horizon 30 also excelled in the CHS divisions. Recently a twin keel Horizon 232 helped her octogenarian owner Murdoch McGregor win the Yachtsman of the Year Award for sailing solo around Britain .

Meanwhile other designers began to tweak their twin keels. Ranges such as Moody, Sadler and Westerly also moved up a gear in performance. Thomas refined his twin keel designs by adding long hydrodynamically shaped bulbs to their bases. These had the effect of throwing the centre of gravity even lower and lengthening the ‘footprint’ on which the boats stood when they dried out.

The extra weight located in bulbs lower down also meant keel foils could become finer and narrower, reducing drag. Other boatbuilders have taken note, with ranges such as the American-designed but British-built Legends displaying prominent bulbs on their twin keels.

So, as marinas get ever more expensive, will more builders offer twin keels on their smaller models? Interestingly, the answer is ‘yes’. But it’s not coming from the UK. It’s coming from France.

Django 770 twin keel yacht drying out

French bilge keel yachts

In the past there were economical marina moorings aplenty available in France, so twin keels did not feature high on the French agenda. But now things are changing. The cost of a marina berth in France is still reasonable compared to the UK: but only if you can find one.

The French Nautical Federation reckons there is now a shortage of around 50,000 marina berths. As a result, twin keels (or bi-quilles as they’re called over there) began to appear in greater numbers.

Now, with the exception of the traditional and long running Biloup Range, French twin keels are expanding the design envelope. Archambault, the builders of the Surprise range, decided that their hugely successful One Design (7.65m) cruiser-racer would have an increased market if they also offered a two-legged version.

Designer Michel Joubert went for deep (1m) twin keels with narrow chord foils and race boat bulbs on their bases. The roots are well inboard and the performance is said to be exceptional.

RM-Fora Marine specialises in multi chine plywood-epoxy hulled cruisers, invariably with twin keels. The latest models, from the pen of leading French designer Marc Lombard, are anything but conventional.

A new RM890 ready to hit the road. The twin keels draw 1.5m. Photo: RM Yachts

Draught is generous (for example the twin keel RM890 draws 1.5m) with keels that are as fine as you’ll find on a top-level racer. And the bulbs on their bases are just as sophisticated.

These RMs are exciting and versatile boats, although I wonder whether their futuristic looks and multi chine wooden hull construction will find favour with many British buyers. I hope so, because the combination of a plywood-epoxy hull with a GRP deck offers excellent insulation and a substantial strength to weight ratio.

The Django 7.70 designed by Pierre Roland and built by Marée Haute in France has also proved to be a speedy twin keel 25-footer capable of crossing many oceans. Christophe Mora and Carina Juhhova are currently in South Africa after sailing L’Envol across the Pacific and Indian oceans. Their progress reports on intothewind.fr are fascinating.

Django 7.70 L’Envol has a scrub in Brazil on her round the world cruise. An aft strut supports the stern. Photo: Christophe Mora

So far Django 7.70 L’Envol has crossed the Atlantic, cruised down the East coast of South America to Patagonia, across the Pacific and sailed the Australian coastline before moving on to South Africa.

The Django range comprises the 6.70 (lifting keel only), the 7.70 (fin or twin keel), 9.80 (fin or twin keel) and 12.70 (fin or lifting keel). The twin keel Django 7.70 that I tested was a total delight.

The future of bilge keel yachts?

So what lies ahead? With only a handful of French yards offering new twin keel boats, there is a dearth of choice in the new boat market. Of course, sailors can always buy second-hand while they await new arrivals. But be sure to get those keel roots surveyed and check rudder and keel bases for grounding damage.

I can’t help thinking that as designers come up with ever improved twin keel designs, something will soon have to give. As British marina costs move beyond the means of many boat owners and French marinas reach maximum capacity, maybe there’s a new twin keel dawn just over the horizon?

Exciting new twin keel designs might even persuade production boat builders to market new boats under 30ft again? Some may even sprout foils and try to fly!

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An offshore cruiser with all the necessary cruising DNA and comfort built in.

Designed by stephen jones, the gt325 has been conceived to quench the thirst for a fast, robust, safe, modern coastal cruiser..

The brief was to put a modern twist on Stephen’s highly successful and much heralded Sadler 290, with twin keels for exploring shallow waters and beaching. A single fin keel is an option.

Designed as Category A, the GT325 is a British built sub-10 metre yacht that can take the ground. With the added flexibility of twin keels, the yacht is an awesome coastal cruiser, with berths for up to 6, but 4 very comfortably. Many months of design and concept development have been brought to bear on this design and the result is something quite special, and far exceeds anything else on the market at this size in terms of what the boat offers the owner.

At GT Yachts, the ability to sail well, safely and comfortably is first and foremost. This starts at the bow with an integrated bowsprit, anchor locker, and generous bosun’s locker which accommodates fenders, outboards as well as sail covers etc. The locker can be kitted out with soft hooks, ladder steps and, if necessary, shelving.

The forecabin is designed as the master, with an exceptionally large berth rarely seen even on a 40ft yacht with comfortable arrangements for a couple as well as an ensuite heads option. With overhead hatches as well as hull ports, the natural light is plentiful. The saloon area with panoramic windows has a dining area that can comfortably seat six and offers a further two full length berths with stowage and shelving. There is an option for a bulkhead mounted fold-down chart table.

Aft and to port is a large C shaped working galley. An area that can be both easily used to serve the saloon table, as well as the cockpit outside. The galley has been designed with the work of a cook in mind, a proper galley one might say, with the tasks of preparing, cooking and serving food as a process. There is provision for a microwave, and incredibly for this size of yacht a front opening fridge designed to open so as not to lose the contents whilst heeled under way.

To starboard is the heads compartment, situated aft which is rare at this size of yacht, if not unheard of. The location provides easy access to the heads and oilies locker while underway, the oilies locker being actively ventilated using the airflow provided by the mechanical air intake for the engine compartment.

The aft cabin to starboard is a very good sized second cabin for a 10-metre yacht, with a choice of either a full double berth or twin singles. With plenty of stowage, the cabin offers a comfortable, naturally lit space with windows to the side and aft through the transom.

Propulsion is via saildrive, and in the engine room there is space for a conventional diesel engine or electric/hybrid installation with extending range generator and extra batteries.

Outside aft, the fully enclosed cockpit with six-foot-long seating port and starboard of the central island, is a great space. Dining out here is very comfortable and the seating is ergonomically designed to maximise comfort under sail, with good height coamings providing proper back support. When helming there is seating aft to port and starboard and a fantastic central perch when steering standing or on the centreline. Plenty of options for the helm to move positions. Whilst there is an option for a tiller, the wheel is positioned on a centreline pedestal with an optional large head with plenty of surface available for instrumentation.

At the stern, boarding is via integrated ladder and there is a drop-down swim platform which, when closed, creates the fully enclosed, safe and seaworthy cockpit. A large, deep, well-lit locker to port with side and aft windows.

Sheeting is led aft and easily controlled, the main being via the “German” main sheet system with winches to hand port and starboard, and the sheet bridle or optional track sited forward of the companionway, out of the way.

With wide side decks and meaningful bulwarks running the full length of the yacht, the decks are a safe place to move around on. Forward there are areas to relax away from the cockpit with flat areas designed to accommodate cushions.

An inspired living area

The GT325 is designed around the living space; a large and very comfortable forward cabin, a chef's dream of a galley and saloon and dining area that will provide many relaxing evenings at secluded anchorages.

Sailing Simplicty

The deck of the GT325 has been designed with simplicity in mind. All control lines led aft, choices of self tacking or sheeted foresail and tidy German mainsheet system. The upshot is a simple and straightforward rig, driving a Stephen Jones slipper hull, all making for a wonderful sailing experience.

Principle Particulars

Yachting Monthly

• Digital edition

Moody Eclipse 33 review

• Chris Beeson
• January 11, 2016

The Moody Eclipse 33 was and still is highly sought-after. Duncan Kent looks at one to see why

See the November 2015 issue of Yachting Monthly for the full test

What’s she like to sail?

At first glance you think she’s going to perform like a typical motorsailer, dogged but slow. Take a more studied look at her hull shape – waterline, stem entry, narrow shoulders and so on – and you begin to wonder. Her hull has the lines of a reasonably modern yacht, although a tad beamier than normal for her era.

Knowing she had bilge keels also made me doubt her performance before we even left the quay, so it was a pleasant surprise to find she sailed considerably better than I had anticipated. We set out in a 10-12 knot south-westerly breeze and a flattish sea. We unfurled full sail in minutes and were soon comfortably reaching over Christchurch’s notorious bar, making a leisurely 5-knots out to sea. She tacked through 88°-90° swiftly, as we returned to the harbour entrance and hove to impressively.

The wind (and rain) increased through the day and, had I not been putting her through her paces I might well have stayed at the inside helm station, where the view forward is good until heavily heeled to port. Both wheels gave a light but stiff feel, due to the extra linkages, although she showed no signs of weather helm – even when a 24-knot gust tried to round her up.

Off the wind her weight tells and she slows markedly, but nothing a good cruising chute or spinnaker wouldn’t overcome.

What’s she like in port and at anchor?

At some point I believe we all start looking enviously at folk with deck saloons – especially during a summer like the one we’ve experienced this year! But what stops most of us from moving over to a boat that offers a bit of protection from the elements is usually the thought of a tubby yacht, sailing nowhere fast. Well, I’m glad to say the Moody Eclipse 33 isn’t one of them.

Below decks, she offers a surprising amount of comfortable living space. The raised saloon is a real boon, giving you a fantastic all-round view of the anchorage as well as providing enough seating for four to dine in comfort or six for cosy drinks. The large deckhouse windows also make the entire saloon, galley and navigation areas bright and cheery, whatever the weather.

She also has berths for six, comprising a big vee-berth forward, a surprisingly roomy double aft and a pull-out double in the saloon if you really want to pack them in. Her galley is also well-equipped with stowage and worksurface aplenty. I’ve also seen a smaller heads compartment in a 40ft boat!

Would she suit you and your crew?

There comes a time when comfort and warmth become more important than getting out on the water regardless. Now just past 60, I am starting to feel that way. You have three choices, really – move you or the boat somewhere warm and sunny, buy a deck saloon yacht, or give up sailing completely. I don’t intend to do the latter until I can no longer climb aboard and I’ve done the boat abroad bit. So that leaves the deckhouse option, which actually has the added benefit of stretching your sailing season. You’re far more likely to go winter sailing if you can pop below and warm up between tacks and dry your oilies out using hot air from the heating system. They really do have so much going for them, I can’t understand why they aren’t more popular.

Facts and figures

Guide price £40,000-£55,000

LOA 9.91m (32ft 6in) LWL 8.54m (28ft 0in) Beam 3.40m (11ft 2in) Draught (Fin) 1.45m (4ft 9in) Draught (Bilge) 1.12m (3ft 8in) Displacement 5,910kg (13,000 lb) Ballast 1,884kg (4,154 lb) Ballast ratio 32% Sail area 51.78m2 (525sq ft) SA/D ratio 15.19 Diesel 182 litres (40 gal) Water 295 litres (65 gal) Engine 28hp Volvo 2003 Transmission Shaft drive RCD category A-Ocean Designer Bill Dixon Builder Marine Projects, Plymouth Owners Association www.moodyowners.net

Unlock the Secrets: Top 10 Sailboat Keels for Smooth Sailing

Set sail on knowledge with our deep-dive into the hidden heroes of the high seas—the keels! Discover which type can steer your next aquatic adventure to smoother waters.

Every component of a sailboat affects the cost, handling, and safety of the vessel. Perhaps none of these components are as overlooked as keels. So, how many types of sailboat keels are there and how do they differ?

The most common types of sailboat keels are bilge, bulb, and fin keels which are beloved for their speed. Full keels offer the most stability and make them best-suited for ocean sailing compared to shoal and daggerboard keels. Lifting, twin, and bilge keels are all popular as well and are known for providing a smooth ride.

Factors such as the size of your sailboat and where you intend to take it to help determine which type of keels you should consider. Some types of sailboat keels, such as full keels are great for ocean sailing whereas shoal keels are ideal for shallow waters. Follow along as we explore the 10 types of sailboat keels and see what the best practical use is for each one.

Sailboat Keel Types

Each of the types of sailboat keel is different in style, application, and ideal use. For example, fin keels are great for racing sailboats whereas shoal keels are better for cruising.  You also need to consider how far you plan to go from shore and which type of water you are sailing through .

For example, some keels can easily cut through choppy water without suffering stability. On the other hand, some sailboat keels are only suited for smooth and shallow waters. Let’s take a look at the 10 types of sailboat keels.

Canting keels are among the most practical and impressive types of sailboat keels. They come in a wide variety of sizes that are proportionate to the size of the boat in question.  Canting keels are attached to a strut underneath the boat and they are designed to extend as low as possible .

This dynamic keel isn’t fixed, so you can adjust it based on the wind and the direction of your boat. Many boaters look for this in a sailboat because it lets you react accordingly under different weather and water conditions. Ideally, you should be able to adjust a canting keel while onboard so that you can go as fast as possible.

Bilge keels refer to multiple fins that extend from the bottom of a sailboat. Neither of the 2 fins sticks out too far, so you won’t have to worry about damage when you come close to shore or sail through shallow water.  They aren’t the fasted type of keel, but they are quite easy to maintain because of their relatively small size and simple design .

Arguably the biggest benefit of bilge keels is that they offer superior roll stability. This provides a smoother ride which is essential if you sail through rough waters or easily get seasick. You will most commonly find sailboats with bilge keys in areas with shallow water around a coastline.

A bilge keel should last for years to come as long as you properly maintain it. Dry your bilge out every few months and clean it so that it continues to work well and doesn’t suffer algae damage.

Boat Design Net

Consider a sailboat with a bulb keel if you value stability and safety . Also known as wing keels, bulb keels are perfect for large sailboats and can help keep them on track. That can be difficult to do with a massive sailboat, especially in inclement weather conditions or in rough water.

A bulb keel can use its weight to balance a large or long sailboat when it shifts from one side to another. As the name suggests, bulb keels are shaped like a standard bulb, and they look almost like teardrops. They are low-maintenance as long as you can dry and clean your bulb keel’s surface every few months if you use it often.

4. Daggerboard

Practical Sailor

Daggerboards are a unique variety of keels that are removable and easy to maintain. They are easy to use for beginners and seasoned sailors alike.  However, you should only use a daggerboard keel with a small boat because it may not be strong enough to sway one that is long and heavy .

A sailboat with a daggerboard can sail up to 2 knots faster than other sailboats under the right conditions. Daggerboards make it easy to steady and balance your sailboat because you can easily adjust the boards themselves. With that said, the presence of a daggerboard can add a lot of money to the cost of a sailboat.

They can add up to $15,000 or more to the cost of a boat, especially if you get one with a dual daggerboard which offers more control. Daggerboards are also cumbersome and can reduce some of the storage space on your boat depending on which type of hull you have.

Sailboat Cruising

Your sailboat likely has a fin keel if it was made in the last 10-15 years.  Fin keels are commonly praised for being precise and fast which is useful in fresh water and saltwater . A fin sticks out of the bottom of the sailboat in the perfect shape that doesn’t reduce your sailboat’s hydrodynamic nature.

You get more speed with a fin keel than most of the alternatives because they aren’t cumbersome. Their shape is meant to easily cut through the water without any trouble. Fin keels can also easily steady a sailboat as it sways even if the waters are rough or the weather is bad.

They also appeal to beginners because fin keels make it all too easy to steer sailboats of any size . Storage isn’t a problem for sailboats with fin keels because they don’t take up too much internal space that could be used for cargo. You can find fin keels on everything from casual cruisers to professional-grade racing sailboats.

6. Full-Length

Rigging Doctor

Full-length keels are a popular alternative to fin keels, even if they are somewhat slower and less modern. With that said, sailboats with full keels make up for the lack of speed and precision with stability.  The stability that a sailboat with a full keel has to offer is unparalleled in the world of marine technology .

That is large because the keel starts at the front and continues all the way through the aft. Unlike some other varieties, full keels are a part of the hull itself. This makes them large and heavy which can limit the speed but also makes it much easier to control your sailboat.

Life of Sailing

Shoal keel sailboats are unique in that they have a limited draft which makes them perfect for drifting . However, you aren’t limited to any particular style or activity with a shoal keel unless you take your boat out far into rough waters. They aren’t as stable as full keel sailboats which put you at a higher risk of capsizing if an emergency occurs.

You wouldn’t necessarily want to take a shoal keel sailboat out for a long-distance trip. They are best suited for fun excursions that don’t take you too far from shore or into choppy waters. Even still, sailboats with shoal keels can easily handle a trip close to shore or even within shallow lagoons.

Sirius-Yachts

Twin keels are a type of bilge keel that has 2 keels and they have recently become popular again. Their rise in popularity is mainly because of their handling and how smooth they are.  You can easily make a wide turn with a sailboat equipped with a twin keel and maintain a similar speed .

Another major benefit of sailboats with twin keels is that they can stand when you bring them to shore. This makes it easy to connect your sailboat to a trailer, perform routine maintenance, and transport it. Great performance aside, this is a major selling point of twin keels because it can otherwise be difficult to maintain and transport a sailboat.

Yacht Harbor

Sailboats with quad keels particularly come in handy if you need to make several tight turns on a single trip. Quad keels are designed so that you won’t have to fight to steady your sailboat once you’ve made a turn.  Of course, you will need to adjust based on the situation, but the additional keels make it all too easy to navigate tight passages .

10. Lifting

Owen Clarke Design

Lifting keels, or swing keels, are retractable, stable, and easy to use. You can even beach a boat with a lifting keel without worrying about causing damage.  They are retractable and your boat can operate well whether your lifting keel is up or down .

You get more variety with a lifting keel than you would get with one that is in a fixed position and unable to move. Speed isn’t necessarily the main appeal of boats with lifting keels, but they are lightweight nonetheless. All that you need to do is raise or lower the keel via a lever attached to ropes or a pulley.

With that said, you need to keep an eye on several key components of your lifting keel so that it stays in good shape. Lifting keels require a system that includes a winch, turning ball, and cable which are all necessary to function. Otherwise, there aren’t any downsides to a lifting keel as long as you keep up with the maintenance.

Best Keel For Ocean Sailing

Full-length keels are the best option for ocean sailing because they are reliable. They don’t offer as much speed as a fin keel, but they are much more reliable.  Full keels are the most comfortable option for ocean sailing because of their smooth and easy-to-control nature .

You can support from a full keel throughout the majority of your sailboat’s hull. This is invaluable while ocean sailing because there will always be an element of waves and choppiness. It also doesn’t hurt that you won’t have to worry about your sailboat changing course while ocean sailing.

With that said, some boaters prefer fin keels for ocean sailing because of their speed and maneuverability. The right choice for you comes down to whether or not you want to cruise casually or enjoy a speedy journey at sea. Personally, the stability of a full keel is more appealing than the extra speed of fin keels because you need a stable vessel on the ocean.

Best Sailboat Keel For Fishing

Bilge keels and shoal keels are the best sailboat keels for fishing. They can both handle shallow waters quite well and can easily navigate tight passages.  That is often necessary when fishing, especially if you visit small coves and lagoons and need as much control as possible .

Sailboats aren’t always thought of as the best types of boats for fishing, but choosing the right keel can make a huge difference. Bilge and shoal keels both have shallow drafts which give you more control in areas where you’d be likely to stop and catch some fish. A bilge keel or shoal can make the difference between a sailboat that is suitable for fishing and one that is meant for racing and cruising.

Sailboat Keel Material

Sailboat keels are made of several types of materials, but the most common are lead and cast iron . Each of these materials is durable enough to withstand prolonged exposure to water which is unavoidable with sailboat keels. Typically, sailboat keels are made of a combination of several materials in small concentrations.

For example, many sailboat keels feature a combination of cast iron, lead, and concrete infused with iron. The mixture gives the keel stability and protects the metals from quickly corroding from water. Many boaters and enthusiasts are reasonably apprehensive about the presence of lead, but lead isn’t in every keel.

The presence of lead typically only applies to sailboat keels that have a ballast, but not all keels with ballasts even have lead .  With that said, you will find lead in many of the most popular types of sailboat keels, such as fin keels. You can typically count on the presence of cast iron, however, because it is superior to other types of iron in terms of durability.

What is an Encapsulated Keel?

Grabau International

An encapsulated keel is a keel that is part of the hull itself. You can encapsulate several different types of keels, especially if you customize a sailboat or yacht.  This will come at an extra cost, but many sailors find the money worthwhile given the added stability .

Encapsulated keels have become more common and are now often available as stock parts of new boats. The keel is molded to the hull instead of attached with hardware such as rivets. This is essential to the stability of an encapsulated keel because you won’t have to worry about hardware suffering water damage.

Can You Sail Without a Keel?

You can sail without a keel if you have a dinghy, and that is an affordable alternative to a standard sailboat.  They are tiny sailboats that don’t have a ballast or keel and measure under 20 feet long . Dinghies are safe to sail with, but you shouldn’t go out more than 1-2 miles from shore.

Otherwise, you risk losing your course because of the lack of a keel that can help keep your vessel on the right path. The further you take a boat out, the easier it is to stray from your path even with modern navigation technology.

You should never attempt to sail a boat that is over 20 feet long without a keel whether it is damaged or you removed it. This will take away much of the control that you need to safely sail whether your distance is short or long.  Your sailboat needs a keel whether it’s a monohull or multi-hull vessel if it’s over 20 feet long .

So, What Are The Types of Sailboat Keels?

The best types of sailboat keels are fin keels, full keels, and bilge keels . They all offer a great mixture of precision and maneuverability, but full keels in particular offer the most stability of them all. Bulb keels are another great option if you want a sailboat keel that is stable and safe.

However, you need to especially keep an eye on bulb keels because they can easily carry scum and algae. Lifting sailboat keels are great because they are retractable so you don’t need to worry about your approach to shore. Full keels are the most well-rounded and best suited for ocean sailing, but fin keels are the fastest and most precise.

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What Are The Fastest Sailboats? (Complete List)

Last Updated by

Daniel Wade

August 30, 2022

Whenever you are looking into buying a sailboat, they often tell you how fast it can go. So naturally, customers want to know, what are the fastest sailboats?

Depending on the model and brand of a sailboat, in addition to the right conditions out on the water, this answer can vary. But which sailboats are known to be the fastest?

Each style of sailboat has its advantages that make it fast. The V.O 60, X-Yachts X4.0, and Beneteau Oceanis 30.1 are great examples of fast monohull boats. For multihull boats, Rapido 60 (Trimaran), Dragonfly 40 (Trimaran), and ICE Cat 61 (Catamaran) are some of the fastest in that category.

The list can go on when you are talking about specialized performance boats, foiling boats, and even windsurfers. However, the most common sailboats that people can relate to are either monohulls or multihulls.

According to sailing experts, fast can mean 12 knots if you are only used to going about half that speed. But when you speak about the fastest sailboats, they usually top around 30 knots or more out on the water.

Table of contents

‍ What Makes a Sailboat Fast?

A lot of variables come into play to help a sailboat reach its maximum potential for going fast. While the person running the boat is the one responsible for making it go fast, the weather conditions and type of boat have to be good in order to reach top speeds.

If a boat is not designed to handle rougher conditions, you will struggle with performance in those situations. If you have a boat that is built for anything nature throws at it, you might have better stability but considerably less speed even in good conditions.

Weight and Power of Boat

If you were to have two objects with different weights and put the same amount of force on them, the lighter object moves faster. This is why lighter boats move quicker than heavier boats.

So if you were to put two boats at one end of a race head to head with the same conditions of wind and sailing area, the lighter boat wins. This is because the lighter boat is able to gain speed quickly due to the less weight it holds.

The weight of the hull is only one part of the equation, as the mast can hold a lot of weight too. If there is a way to reduce the weight on the boat, you will have a better chance at going faster.

This is why fast boats typically are made out of materials such as carbon fiber or fiberglass. If the boat is a multi-hull without a keel, this also cuts down on weight.

Friction and Wetted Surface

Water adds a ton of friction to the boat, so a fast boat needs to be able to cut through it efficiently. In addition, some boats have finely polished exteriors to help glide through the water and reduce drag.

Depending on the shape of the hull and how much wetter surface it has can greatly affect the amount of drag it has. For example, displacement hulls change as the boat heels in the water.

For multihulls, these lift the hull out of the water slightly to reduce drag. Hydrofoils are another example that lifts the entire boat out of the water to greatly reduce the wetted surface.

Sail Area and Wind

The bigger the sails are on a boat does not necessarily mean the boat will be the fastest. While the sailing area is critical for speed, it has to match the sailing area to displacement ratio.

The sail area needs to be more about the lift of the sails rather than the size of them. If the proper sails are there, then the boat should be able to reach its maximum potential if the wind conditions are right.

Fastest Sailboat Types

The type of sailboat makes a big difference in speed since it has different characteristics. These include HP monohulls, catamarans, and trimarans.

Each boat type will have a unique position in the water, making it potentially faster than another type. If you want to compare boats in perfect conditions, you can see how one stacks up to another.

HP Monohulls

HP monohulls gain a lot of their speed by being powered by a motor. While they have the capability to sail using the wind, they have the convenience of a motor to help push them along.

So the outboard motor needs to be able to handle the weight of the boat efficiently in order to help reach top speeds. A lot of larger boats need to be pushed along by multiple motors.

Monohulls in general are favored by many sailors since they have that traditional look to them. They also happen to be very common, but multi-hulls are making things competitive in the market.

Catamarans do not have a keel and it helps reduce the weight of the boat. They also displace less water compared to a monohull. However, not all catamarans go fast.

Depending on the catamaran and its capabilities, there is some that glide effortlessly on the water. These ideally work best in good conditions but will be a bumpy ride if the water is a little choppy.

They offer one of the safest rides on the water and are essentially unsinkable due to their design. They spread out their weight over a larger area on the water, making them more stable than a monohull.

In addition, the living space on a monohull is huge compared to a monohull. With about a 40-foot catamaran, it has around the same living space as a 60-foot monohull.

Trimarans are another unique style of sailboat similar to a catamaran. They have three hulls side by side instead of two, making it very stable.

They also have a wide sail area and make for quick spurts out on the water. However, they also need good conditions to operate their best to move fast.

These displace water similar to a catamaran and are more stable. They also tend to go faster in the right conditions than a catamaran.

Both catamarans and trimarans generally have shallow drafts and can be beached. In coastal waters, monohulls have to watch out for their draft since they have a keel.

Fastest Monohull Sailboats

Some of the fastest monohull sailboats have unique characteristics that set it apart from other monohulls. These include sail area, weight, and wetted surface.

The beauty about monohulls is the keel, which has its advantages in tougher conditions. If you were to race a monohull against a multihull in moderate conditions, the monohull has a better chance at navigating through the water due to the keel and potentially going faster. The keel allows the boat to heel from one side to the other and come back to the center.

The Volvo Ocean 60 is one of the fastest monohull sailboats you can find. It is a perfect example of an offshore sailboat that is usually handled by four professional sailors and eight mates on deck.

This boat is roughly 64 feet long and sits about 12 feet in the water. The fastest that these boats go ranges around 35 to 40 knots, but it takes the right conditions and a little bit of patience for that large of a boat.

2. X-Yachts X4.0

The X4.0 yacht was a winner of the European Yacht of the Year award in 2020. It is a fairly new boat design, as it debuted in 2019.

This 40 foot luxury yacht is a top-of-the-line performance cruiser that is built for speed and is lightweight. Sitting about eight feet in the water, this boat can reach up to 10 knots or potentially more with the right conditions. You can quickly reach these speeds due to its size and weight.

3. Beneteau Oceanis 30.1

The Beneteau Oceanis 30.1 is another great example of a power cruising yacht that is new to the scene in 2019. At around 31 feet, it is one of the smaller yachts on the list but packs a powerful punch in performance and speed.

The max draft of this one is just shy of 6.5 feet and it received the Best Performance Cruiser in 2020. While this one, in particular, is built more for luxury and comfort, you can easily see top speeds ranging from 7.5 to 10 knots.

4. Santa Cruz 52

The Santa Cruz 52 is a perfect combination of a lightweight sloop and a blue water racer. At 53 feet long and a draft of nine feet, this boat is a beauty to see go fast.

These are often compared to the original Swan sailboats around the same length, as far as the class and style of the boat. In good conditions, they top around eight knots on a good day.

The Amel 60 is another beauty of a luxury yacht cruiser spanning almost 60 feet in length and nearly an eight-foot draft. This boat began production in 2019 and received the 2020 European Yacht of the Year Luxury Cruiser award.

With a reliance on the engine, you can push the boat a little harder in good conditions to gain more speed. While topping out the engine, you are looking at anywhere between eight and 10 knots.

Fastest Multihull Sailboats

Multihull sailboats are generally faster than monohull sailboats due to their lack of extra weight. These are up to 30 percent faster in that situation.

The only downside is that if you want to reach those maximum speeds, you cannot add a lot of extra weight to the vessel. So for sailors that want to utilize a multihull’s full potential, they need to consider what they bring on board and how many people they have.

1. Rapido 60 (Trimaran)

The Rapido 60 is one of the fastest multihulls out there for its size. At nearly 60 feet in length and almost 11 feet in draft, this unsinkable trimaran can speed up to 25 knots.

These were first built in 2015 and are a popular trimaran to look at if you are wanting the space. In the right conditions, the manufacturer says you can easily reach 30 knots if not more.

2. Dragonfly 40 (Trimaran)

The Dragonfly 40 is one of the few 40-footers out there that you can operate shorthanded. While it typically accommodates six to eight people, the boat’s design allows it to be easily handled.

According to the manufacturer, they claim it can reach 24 knots. Assuming the conditions are perfect, it could potentially reach more.

3. ICE Cat 61 (Catamaran)

The ICE Cat 61 is just a tad over 61 feet long and is one of the more beautiful catamarans you will ever see. For its size and design, it is impressive to see it reach top speeds.

With just the motors alone, you can easily reach 13.5 knots. If all the right conditions are in play, you can expect to reach up to 25 knots.

4. SIG45 (Catamaran)

The SIG 45 is a 45-foot racing cruiser that can comfortably hold about six people. With features like low dragging bows, carbon fiber material found in spars and bulkheads, and around 1,400 square feet of sailing area to play with, you can expect top performance all the way around.

It is estimated that this boat can safely top out around 20 knots. However, there is room for more knots in the best conditions.

5. Lagoon 67 S (Catamaran)

The Lagoon 67S is one of the rarest catamarans you will ever see. There were only four built from 1993 to 1995 by Jeanneau Technologies Avancées and are a gorgeous sight to see.

Regardless of the age of this boat, it still flies in the right conditions like the newer catamarans you see today. You can expect to reach a little over 20 knots for this 67 footer and about five feet of draft.

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I've personally had thousands of questions about sailing and sailboats over the years. As I learn and experience sailing, and the community, I share the answers that work and make sense to me, here on Life of Sailing.

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Better Sailing

Bilge Keel Vs Fin Keel: Which is Better?

Keel design is constantly changing, and nowhere is this more evident than in current racing yachts. To stay upright when sailing upwind, these speedy offshore monohulls feature very sophisticated canting keels. The boats are made to be as light as possible while remaining strong enough to compete in ocean races. While cruising yachts aren’t built to compete in ocean races, there are a variety of keel designs to choose from. Traditional boats have long, deep keels that are an inherent component of the hull, making them heavier than modern designs but also more stable and seaworthy. Fin-shaped keels, which are bolted beneath the hull, are found on many modern boats. This results in yachts that are lighter, faster, and more maneuverable than deep keel designs. In this article, I will compare the bilge keel vs the fin keel types. So, if you’re interested to learn more, then keep reading!

So, what do we mean by fin keel? This is the boat’s major structural component. It is also known as the vessel’s backbone, as it runs longitudinally across the hull from bottom to top. The keel is built of robust material and runs from the stem to the stern to ensure the boat’s stability. It is usually made of metal or wood. A fin keel is a long, weighted blade that is affixed to the hull’s bottom. It is more agile, lighter, and faster than a full keel, but it is also more vulnerable. A lever is created by the increased distance between ballast and sails, which eliminates the need for a big wetted surface or additional ballast. Popular sailboats with a fin keel include the Hunter 34, the Bavaria 40, and the Catalina 30.

Fin keels are bolted to the hull and are deeper and thinner than full keels. They’re also less heavy. This significantly improves performance, making fin keels much faster in all scenarios. Fin keels, on the other hand, have a number of significant drawbacks. Fin keels are less comfortable than full keels because they allow for more heel and a less stable track. Thus, this results in less directional stability. Fin keels are also much more vulnerable than full keels, which means that when they run aground, they can break off or be damaged. Keep in mind that fin keels are greatly used by racers because they maneuver better in tight spots.

There’s another distinction on fin keels; fin keels with skeg rudder and fin keels with spade rudder. A small structural element in front of the skeg rudder protects fin keels with skeg rudders. This design is largely integrated into the hull, making it less vulnerable and providing a wonderful balance of speed and safety. The rudder on fin keels with a spade rudder is entirely exposed, and the fin is normally bolted on. Because the keel isn’t integrated into the hull, it’s more susceptible to damage and uncomfortable.

Pros and Cons of Fin Keels

A fin keel with a spade rudder is a common option nowadays. It is usually combined with light but beamy hulls with a high freeboard. Excellent speed, high pointing, and quick tacking are all benefits of a low wetted surface and a good aerofoil design. Steering is also lighter. Also, the best designs of a fin keel with a spade rudder are capable of cutting through strong seas with moderate comfort. Note that when sailing downwind, a fin keel with a spade rudder is fast, quick to surf, and might even be able to plane.

The disadvantages of a fin keel with a spade rudder are that it requires earlier reefing and it is less steady on the helm. Another disadvantage that applies when sailing downwind is that it can broach suddenly and easily and hard to control in rough conditions. Also, slamming can be caused by flat sections and in rough weather lightweight designs can be uncomfortable. They also have a strong tendency to round up when hard pressed. Moreover, when sailing downwind, this type of keel can be unstable and hard to control in rough weather conditions.

A fin keel with a skeg rudder has some minor differences to the latter type. Note that the skeg running aft protects the rudder and facilitates tracking both under sail and power. Generally, a fin keel with a skeg rudder offers better support for the rudder. There’s also less chance of damage than with a fin keel with a spade rudder. On the contrary, there’s a more wetted surface thus it makes it slower. Also, as a result of limited balancing, this can make the helm heavier.

But, what are the benefits of a well-designed single keelboat over a double keel model, then? Because it is difficult to create a twin keelboat with a truly deep draught, a moderate draught twin keel vessel may outperform a sister boat with a single keel of the same draught, the deep keel variant will always be faster. Furthermore, compared to a twin keel model, a boat with a deep single keel will have less wetted surface area and hence less drag. This is especially important in light weather when the twin keel is at a disadvantage.

Fin Keels Properties

The keel was once employed to keep the ribs together as well as to keep the stem and sternpost in place. As you may know, there are several types of keel.  The most common ones include the full keel or ballast keel which is used for stability and lateral resistance. Also, the drop of sliding keel is used to prevent the boat from side slipping. In addition, the bilge keel is a common shoal-draught option and the fin keel is generally faster and lighter.

So, the fin keel is a narrow plate in the middle of the ship, situated to the keel of a boat. It is made of wood or metal and extends downwards. A fin keel’s main purpose is to produce lateral resistance and make the boat more stable. Moreover, when a boat has a fin keel, it is easier to steer. This keel is usually nearly half the length of the boat’s bottom, and it aids in reducing drag and creating less leeway. As a result, the boat may travel quicker while remaining more stable in relation to its weight.

Note that fin keels are even more efficient when paired with current sail design and materials. The fin keel is now a separate rudder, such as a skeg hung or spade, and it is the most prevalent type of keel. As aforementioned, fin keels have various drawbacks, such as poorer directional stability, for some. They’re also more difficult to design and support when it comes to hard grounding. An excellent component to compare boats on is the fin keel. When looking at boats and their characteristics on boat comparison databases you can find more information about a specific type. For instance, details about the size, material, and stability of the fin keel used on various boat models.

>>Also Read: Sailboat Keel Types

Bilge keels are planes or fins that fit externally at the bilge’s turn. Their length is normally around a third of the ship’s length. Sometimes they might be larger, but seldom surpass half of the ship’s length. Depending on the size and fullness, their depth ranges from 1 to 2 feet. If they are too shallow, their performance will be limited. Yet, if they are too deep, damage may occur while berthing alongside, drydocking, or running aground.

A bilge keel is basically a double keel with double fins that allow the boat to be beached and stand upright on its keel. Bilge keels provide twice the wetted surface, increasing comfort, and directional stability while lowering heel height. Due to improved design, modern bilge keels frequently give an adequate windward performance. When contrasted to the fin keel, the bilge keel sacrifices speed but does not necessarily give a lower overall performance. Examples of common sailboats with a bilge keel include Dufour Dynamique 62, Patagonia Patago 39, and Hunter Duette.

Bilge keels are the most common passive system, and they are installed on the vast majority of boats. They are basically plates that protrude from the bilge turn and span the middle half to two-thirds of the boat’s length. In general, they do not protrude beyond the boat’s side or keel lines so as to minimize damage. But, they must reach the boundary layer around the hull to be functional. In addition, they induce turbulence by producing a body of water to flow with the boat, dampening the motion and generating an increase in period and drop in amplitude.

Bilge keels are surprisingly common on many boats, both private and commercial because motorboats often lack stability, and this is an elegant, simple, and strong solution. The fins aren’t very wide, and they don’t protrude very far outwardly, so it’s a simple design to build and utilize. On sailboats, though, things are a little different. Because the bilge keel’s purpose is not only that of a stabilizing device, but also that of a keel, they tend to be longer, resulting in the appearance of legs of sorts.

The primary function of a bilge keel on most ships is to help dampen the rolling motion of the vessel. Other minor benefits of the bilge keel include bilge protection during grounding and greater longitudinal strength at the bilge. The bilge keel’s dampening function is tiny but effective, and it comes at no expense after boat construction. It is carefully positioned on the ship to avoid excessive drag when underway. Moreover, alternative positions of the bilge keel may be tried on the model so as to anticipate power requirements in order to obtain a minimum drag.

Pros and Cons of Bilge Keels

Bilge keels have a number of distinct benefits over full and fin keels. The fact that the boat can be beached is the most essential feature, making it a popular design in tidal areas. The use of bilge keels is particularly popular along the British coast, where fishermen keep their boats in tidal ports. Another significant benefit is that the boat may be stored on its keels, which makes dry storage and maintenance much easier.

Bilge keels are more effective for high angles of roll than for small angles of roll. Also, the reduction in rolling motion is larger for a boat moving forward than for a stationary boat. The roll energy of the ship is passed to the water particles in the region of the ship’s hull, making them passive stabilizers. Keep in mind that the installation of bilge keels is not suitable for all ships. An icebreaker, for example, requires clean hull contours so that boat will be able to steer onto the ice and collapse it.

The bilge keels have huge levers around the rolling axis, and the forces on them provide a large moment opposing the rolling, despite their size. They have the ability to reduce roll amplitude by more than a third. Their impact is often amplified by forwarding speed. Note that in still water, they are aligned with the flow of water past the hull in order to reduce drag. When the ship is rolling, the drag increases, causing the ship to slow down slightly.

Bear in mind that a sailboat with bilge keels can stand upright on flat terrain due to their length and the fact that they extend beyond the lowest point of the hull. The advantage is undeniable in this case. The ability of a boat to stand upright while aground greatly expands your options. If you prefer to spend the night on the shore, your boat can stand flat. Many keelless boats, or those with retractable keels, take advantage of this feature as well. It’s also something that makes life a lot easier for sailors, especially in low-tide locations.

So, the major advantages of bilge keels include a shallow draught and great protection when grounding. In addition, a bilge keel can dry out on a flat bottom and some designs are also able to perform better windward than long keels; similar to fin keels. On the other hand, the disadvantages of bilge keels include less speed and pointing when sailing windward. Also, when the boat is well-heeled it is possible that waves might slap under the windward keel. Lastly, it can topple over in case one keel encounters a soft ground or a hole.

Bilge Keel Properties

Keep in mind that bilge keels are a broad term that encompasses a wide range of design modifications. Bilge keels are, strictly speaking, additional to a long central keel installed near the bilge. In this case, the hull turns from the bottom to the side of the boat. These were traditionally non-structural, shallow, and lengthy, with the goal of reducing rolling. Twin keels, on the other hand, completely replace the central keel and are structurally modified to make them the principal ballast-bearing hull appendages.

There were some early twin keel designs that simply placed two shallow-draught keels on either side of the centreline. Meaning that they were situated at right angles to the waterline and parallel to the centreline. However, these boats used to sag to leeward when sailing upwind and lacked sufficient hull reinforcing at the attachment spots. So, modern keels were developed and they are now more hydrodynamically aligned. In addition, some say that they give at least as much lateral resistance as a single keel, but with more drag in theory.

Because of the additional reinforcement needed to handle loads of the ballast and drying out, a boat with two keels will be heavier. Subsequently, it will have a higher center of gravity due to the reduced draught. Modern construction, narrow-chord keels, and ballast bulbs, among other things, help to mitigate these issues.

Bilge keelboats are usually regarded to provide the advantages of short draught and the ability to dry out upright in low water at the sacrifice of performance. However, that is not the full picture. In other words, a well-designed twin-keel boat may perform better on average than some single-keel boats. It must be stated, however, that many of the early bilge keel designs were ineffective. These had very shallow keels with little to no aerofoil shaping and were attached to the boat vertically. It’s no surprise that these boats didn’t sail well, especially windward, despite having high directional stability, which has long been a desirable feature in cruising boats.

>>Also Read: Full Keel Vs Fin Keel On Sailboats

Bilge Keel VS Fin Keel – The Bottom Line

The comparison between bilge and fin keels can be a contentious subject. While it may appear that fin keels are preferred by the majority of new boat buyers, there is a sizable undercurrent of sailors who prefer boats that can take the ground. While fin keels theoretically give a deeper center of gravity, marginally less drag, and greater lateral resistance, making them better at sailing to windward, they are a recent development, and it wasn’t long ago that all sailboats were long-keeled and could dry out on legs or alongside a harbor wall. If you want a stable boat and the ability to beach your boat and don’t really care about performance then go for a bilge keel. If you opt for speed and agility go for a fin keel boat but note that these tend to be more vulnerable to damage.

I hope that this article will help you make the right decision. Good luck with your research!

Peter is the editor of Better Sailing. He has sailed for countless hours and has maintained his own boats and sailboats for years. After years of trial and error, he decided to start this website to share the knowledge.

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• Yachting Monthly's Scuttlebutt

what is the best sailing bilge keeler

• Thread starter Madhatter
• Start date 24 Jun 2011
• 24 Jun 2011

this is a serious question ? I have read all sorts of comments about them and their qualities ( or lack of ), also that there seems to be two main types : bilge plates and encapsulated . Opinions seem to be a loss of speed between fin/drop keel and BKs What do the panel think ?  

Well-known member

Impossible to say as you do not have a reference point nor a defintion of "best" In general terms later designs that incorporate aerofoil keel shapes, some toe in and usually a fair amount of draft are better than earlier designs with shallow draft and vertical keels. David Thomas designs such as the Hunters have particularly good reputations. David Feltham (of Cobra fame) also did a lot of work on improving the efficiency of twin keeled boats. Bilge keel Sadlers and Westerly Fulmars similarly perform well - see the PY ratings for the differences with fin keels. This subject has been done to death over the years in both forum discussions and comparative tests (although a long time ago as virtually no bilge or twin keel boats are made these days). However, for ultimate twin keel performance you could look at the French RM yachts - however, they are nothing like the typical British twin keel boats.  

• 25 Jun 2011

armchairsailor

Active member.

RMs, Sadler 290s. Both like rocking horse poo. Dunno about the Copland 28(?) - interesting winged BK. Certainly not our old Four-21 (bless...)  

As Tranona says, the topic has been done to death here and hereabouts, and it is a subject which tends to generate much more heat than light. If by "best sailing" you mean fastest, you might find it illuminating to look at the Portsmouth Yardstick numbers of vessels you are interested in.  

Westerly Fulmar.  

I think the golden phrase missing here is 'wetted area drag' ( nothing to do with being a boat ! ). Twin keelers - NB 'bilge keelers' technically means boats with a central ballast keel and drying out plates on the bilge sides - have the snag that if going aground they usually stay parked there for the tide, as there's no quick way to reduce draught, heeling only serves to increase it. Shallow draught is not such a blessing; if sailing coastal or offshore, remember surface drift; after a strong wind has been blowing for a day or two, the whole upper surface layer of the sea, down to about 1 metre, is set flowing in that direction; this is one reason why deep fin keel boats consistently out-perform shallow fins, let alone twin keelers. Twin keelers going to windward in a sea often suffer heavy 'thumping' on the windward keel as it is lifted near surface level, this can be more than annoying, preventing off-watch crew from sleeping. The idea of 'ditch crawling' using shallow draught is a bit of a myth, there's not much difference between 3 or 4,5 feet depth when risking going aground, especially if there are even slight waves. Twin keelers also suffer huge splaying loads when left drying out then refloating on mud, use your imagination as to the awful forces at work ! I've known twin keeler owners sharing a box spanner with a 6' lever for keel bolt tightening, along with plentiful grp reinforcing, and still find a small gap appear above the keels when the boat is craned... Nothing in this life comes free, and the gods of sailing are keen on the salt of human endeavour; twin keelers demand a lot for the sake of being able to be plonked on shore for the winter, though of course there are plenty of owners who simply don't catch on to this, leaving the snags to bite the next poor sap who buys the boat !  

Seajet said: I think the golden phrase missing here is 'wetted area drag' ( nothing to do with being a boat ! ). Twin keelers - NB 'bilge keelers' technically means boats with a central ballast keel and drying out plates on the bilge sides - have the snag that if going aground they usually stay parked there for the tide, as there's no quick way to reduce draught, heeling only serves to increase it. Shallow draught is not such a blessing; if sailing coastal or offshore, remember surface drift; after a strong wind has been blowing for a day or two, the whole upper surface layer of the sea, down to about 1 metre, is set flowing in that direction; this is one reason why deep fin keel boats consistently out-perform shallow fins, let alone twin keelers. Twin keelers going to windward in a sea often suffer heavy 'thumping' on the windward keel as it is lifted near surface level, this can be more than annoying, preventing off-watch crew from sleeping. The idea of 'ditch crawling' using shallow draught is a bit of a myth, there's not much difference between 3 or 4,5 feet depth when risking going aground, especially if there are even slight waves. Twin keelers also suffer huge splaying loads when left drying out then refloating on mud, use your imagination as to the awful forces at work ! I've known twin keeler owners sharing a box spanner with a 6' lever for keel bolt tightening, along with plentiful grp reinforcing, and still find a small gap appear above the keels when the boat is craned... Nothing in this life comes free, and the gods of sailing are keen on the salt of human endeavour; twin keelers demand a lot for the sake of being able to be plonked on shore for the winter, though of course there are plenty of owners who simply don't catch on to this, leaving the snags to bite the next poor sap who buys the boat ! Click to expand...

CAPTAIN FANTASTIC

They don't sail as good, more leeway, slower, etc, but hey, who cares; They sail almost as fast as fin keelers, they make almost as much leeway, and they are almost as fast. The fact that bilge keelers can dry out almost anywhere, hence more freedom to visit places, and cost much less for mooring, outweighs disadvantages; it is matter of opinion and preference to suite situations. Its hard to find bilge keel yachts now-days, this is why they keep their value.  

Bosun Higgs

Madhatter said: this is a serious question ? I have read all sorts of comments about them and their qualities ( or lack of ), also that there seems to be two main types : bilge plates and encapsulated . Opinions seem to be a loss of speed between fin/drop keel and BKs What do the panel think ? Click to expand...

You mention they are less vulnerable to grounding - yes they may have a shallower draft than a fin but if you do hit the "putty" they can dig both keels in and are more difficult to "get off" again as the comparible fin or lifting keels  

E39mad said: You mention they are less vulnerable to grounding - yes they may have a shallower draft than a fin but if you do hit the "putty" they can dig both keels in and are more difficult to "get off" again as the comparible fin or lifting keels Click to expand...

Madhatter said: Thank you all for your contributions to this thread and apologies for bringing it up again. It just seems to me to be the logical keel configuration for cruising boats :- Dries out upright. Shallow draught. No cradle needed. No intrusion into cabin. Less vulnerable to grounding. Etc. And yet not the most popular set up (these days ) ,mind you I may be wrong there Click to expand...

I used to have a twin keel, I now have a fin. I agree totally with the comments that while you can generally get away if you touch by heeling the boat of spinning away, you can't with a twin. You are much more likely to get stuck. As to drying out, that depends where you sail. I ran my twin aground once and one keel sank into the east coast mud while the other, for no obvious reason, did not, so we still ended up at an angle, and the strain it caused to the keel lead to a leak and an expensive repair bill. The advantage of a twin is they need, generally, less water, and you do not need a cradle  

A lot depends on where you sail. I'm based in Lancashire so my normal cruising ground encompasses Morecambe Bay, the Irish Sea, Solway Firth & North channel. Tidal range is over 10 metres on Springs and the vast majority of harbours and anchorages dry out. In this environment a boat that cannot take the ground limits one's cruising options so severely as to become almost a liability. In the Solent it may be different but, in defence of twin-keelers, I would just mention that the Round the Island Race has seen some notable successes by British Hunters, a Horizon 21 and 32 having been class winners in the past - both twin-keelers designed by David Thomas. That other Round The Island Race, the one round the Isle of Man, frequently features twin-keelers among the winners.  

Tranona said: Exactly the selling points when they were popular - before the days of marinas when shallow and drying moorings were the norm. However, the world moves on and the centre of boatbuilding and using acitivity has moved elsewhere to places where these conditions are not the norm - therefore little demand for these qualities. Even in UK marinas dominate for all but the smallest cruisers so fin keels can be enjoyed without the drawbacks of previous times. . Click to expand...

The best sailing/fastest twin keelers for their hull length would be either an RM or a Heol 7.4 not that I've sailed the latter, but it looked quick, quick, quick! There's a 360 of the interior here  

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• Boat Keel: Enhancing Stability and Performance on the Water

The keel of a boat plays a vital role in ensuring stability, maneuverability, and overall performance on the water. Whether you're an experienced sailor or a novice enthusiast, understanding the significance of the boat keel and its various aspects can greatly enhance your sailing experience. In this article, we will delve into the different types of boat keels, their functions, and the impact they have on sailboats. So, let's set sail and explore the intriguing world of boat keels.

1. Introduction

Picture yourself gliding through the water on a sailboat, the wind filling the sails and propelling you forward. Amidst this exhilarating experience, the keel quietly works beneath the water's surface, providing stability and balance. Understanding the keel's role and its various types will not only enhance your knowledge but also help you make informed decisions when choosing a sailboat.

2. What is a Boat Keel?

The keel of a boat refers to a structural element attached to the bottom of the hull. It extends downward into the water and acts as a counterbalance to the forces acting on the sails and the boat itself. The keel provides lateral resistance, preventing excessive sideways movement (known as leeway), and reduces the boat's tendency to be pushed sideways by the wind.

3. The Importance of Boat Keels

Boat keels serve several essential purposes that contribute to the overall performance and safety of a sailboat. They provide stability by lowering the center of gravity, allowing the boat to resist tipping or capsizing. Additionally, keels enhance upwind performance, as they generate lift to counteract the sideways force caused by the wind.

4. Types of Boat Keels

4.1 fixed keels.

Fixed keels, as the name suggests, are permanently attached to the boat's hull. They come in various shapes and sizes, offering different benefits depending on the sailing conditions and the type of boat. Fixed keels provide excellent stability and are commonly found on larger sailboats designed for cruising and offshore sailing.

4.2 Retractable Keels

Retractable keels, also known as swing keels or lifting keels, offer the advantage of variable draft. These keels can be raised or lowered as needed, allowing the boat to access shallow waters where fixed keel boats cannot navigate. Retractable keels provide versatility and are commonly found on trailerable sailboats or boats designed for coastal cruising.

4.3 Wing Keels

Wing keels are characterized by their wing-like shape, with bulbous extensions on each side. They are designed to maximize lift and reduce drag, enhancing the sailboat's performance. Wing keels are often found on modern sailboats, especially those used for racing or high-performance sailing.

4.4 Bilge Keels

Bilge keels consist of two keels, one on each side of the hull. They provide additional lateral stability, allowing the boat to remain upright even when aground or in shallow waters. Bilge keels are commonly found on smaller sailboats, particularly those used in tidal areas or for coastal cruising.

4.5 Fin Keels

Fin keels are long, narrow keels that offer excellent performance and maneuverability. They are commonly found on modern sailboats designed for racing or performance cruising. Fin keels provide good upwind performance and allow the boat to make tight turns with ease.

4.6 Full Keels

Full keels extend the entire length of the boat, offering exceptional stability and tracking ability. They are commonly found on traditional or classic sailboats designed for long-distance cruising or offshore passages. Full keels provide a smooth and steady motion through the water, making them ideal for those seeking a comfortable sailing experience.

Read   our  top  notch   articles  on  topics  such as  sailing ,  sailing   tips  and  destinations  in  our   Magazine .  

5. How Keels Affect Stability

One of the key functions of the boat keel is to provide stability. The keel's weight lowers the boat's center of gravity, making it less prone to tipping or heeling excessively. This stability is particularly important when sailing in rough or windy conditions, as it helps maintain balance and prevents the boat from capsizing.

6. Keel Design Considerations

When designing boat keels, several factors come into play to ensure optimal performance and safety. Here are some key considerations:

6.1 Keel Weight

The weight of the keel affects the boat's stability. Heavier keels provide greater stability, but they may sacrifice performance. Finding the right balance between stability and performance is crucial, considering the intended use of the boat.

6.2 Keel Shape

Keel shape plays a significant role in determining the boat's performance characteristics. Different keel shapes generate varying levels of lift, resistance, and maneuverability. The keel shape should be tailored to the boat's purpose, whether it's racing, cruising, or offshore sailing.

6.3 Center of Gravity

The keel's position and center of gravity greatly impact the boat's stability. A well-placed keel ensures a balanced distribution of weight throughout the boat, reducing the risk of heeling or capsizing. Proper weight distribution also contributes to better performance and handling.

6.4 Ballast

Many boat keels incorporate ballast, which is additional weight located at the bottom of the keel. Ballast provides even more stability by lowering the boat's center of gravity. Common ballast materials include lead and iron, which offer density and weight to counterbalance the forces acting on the boat.

7. The Impact of Keels on Performance

Boat keels have a significant influence on a sailboat's performance. Depending on the keel type, they can affect speed, maneuverability, and responsiveness. Keels designed for racing sailboats prioritize performance and lift, allowing the boat to sail closer to the wind and maintain higher speeds. Conversely, keels designed for cruising prioritize stability and comfort, ensuring a smooth and predictable sailing experience.

8. Common Terminology Related to Keels

8.1 keeling over.

Keeling over refers to the act of a sailboat leaning or heeling to one side due to wind or external forces. This natural occurrence is countered by the keel's ability to provide stability and prevent excessive heeling.

8.2 Capsizing

Capsizing refers to the event of a boat overturning or flipping entirely. Capsizing can be caused by various factors, such as strong winds, improper weight distribution, or sudden shifts in weight. Proper keel design and appropriate sailing techniques significantly reduce the risk of capsizing.

8.3 Ballast

Ballast refers to the additional weight incorporated into the boat's keel to enhance stability. It counteracts the forces acting on the boat, such as wind and waves, preventing excessive movement and ensuring a safe and comfortable sailing experience.

9. Conclusion

The boat keel is an essential component that significantly contributes to a sailboat's stability, performance, and safety. Understanding the different types of boat keels, their functions, and their impact on sailing will empower you to make informed decisions when choosing a sailboat that suits your needs and preferences. So, whether you're an avid sailor or someone considering embarking on a sailing adventure, embrace the fascinating world of boat keels and set sail with confidence.

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FAQ everything about boat keels

13 Most Popular Swing Keel Sailboats Worth Considering

A swing keel sailboat allows you to explore shallower waters and launch your boat at shallow ramps with greater ease than a fixed keel. Additionally, swing keel sailboats are typically more affordable than fixed keel sailboats. In this article, we will introduce you to the 13 most popular swing keel sailboats that you may want to consider.

The 13 most popular swing keel sailboats that you may find worthy to consider are the following: Catalina 22, MacGregor 26, Hunter 22, Precision 23, O'Day 22, Beneteau First 235, Seaward 25, Islander Bahama 24, Watkins 27, Com-Pac 23, Montgomery 17, San Juan 23, and West Wight Potter 19.

The estimated pricing for the boats with swing keels ranges from $5,000 to $40,000. Let's take a look at which models are the most affordable and which are priced higher.

• Catalina 22 has a swing keel that is made of lead and can be raised and lowered using a winch system.
• The MacGregor 26 has a water ballast system in addition to its swing keel, which provides additional stability and helps keep the boat upright in rough conditions.
• The San Juan 23 is a fast and responsive swing-keeled sailboat that has a sail area-to-displacement ratio of 18.8.
• The Watkins 27 is a fast swing keel sailboat that has a reported top speed of around 7 knots.
• The O'Day 22 features a swing keel that is retractable and allows it to sail in waters as shallow as 2 feet.

On this page:

Catalina 22, macgregor 26, precision 23, beneteau first 235, islander bahama 24, san juan 23, west wight potter 19, montgomery 17.

Below is a table summarizing why each of these swing keel sailboats is worth considering, as well as their estimated market price in case you'd proceed with buying them:

The Catalina 22 is a popular sailboat model that has been in production since 1969. It is known for its versatility, ease of use, and affordability. One of the key features of the Catalina 22 is its swing keel, which allows it to be easily trailered and launched in shallow waters.

The swing keel on the Catalina 22 is made of lead and is attached to a cable that runs through a slot in the hull. The keel can be raised and lowered using a winch system, which allows the boat to navigate in shallow waters or be easily transported on a trailer.

When the keel is lowered, it provides stability and helps the boat sail upwind. When the keel is raised, the boat can be easily maneuvered in shallow waters or on a trailer.

This makes the Catalina 22 an ideal sailboat for those who want the flexibility to sail in a variety of conditions and locations. Catalina 22 is also a very affordable swing keel sailboat option. If you're curious about how much it costs to buy and own a sailboat , you can take a look at our article.

The MacGregor 26 is a popular trailerable sailboat that was first introduced in 1986. One of its unique features is the swing keel water ballast system, which allows the boat to be easily transported on a trailer and launched at various locations.

The swing keel is a retractable keel that can be raised or lowered depending on the water depth. When it is lowered, it provides additional stability and helps the boat track better through the water. When it is raised, the boat can be easily transported on a trailer.

The water ballast system is another unique feature of the MacGregor 26. The boat has two water tanks located on either side of the keel, which can be filled with up to 1,500 pounds of water. This water ballast provides additional stability and helps keep the boat upright in rough conditions.

If you're interested to know more about how sailing ballasts work , here's an article that can give you more information.

The Hunter 22 with a swing keel is a great sailboat for those who are looking for a versatile and easy-to-handle vessel. The swing keel allows the boat to navigate in shallow waters and provides better stability in deeper waters, so it is ideal for those who enjoy sailing in a variety of conditions and locations.

In addition, the Hunter 22 is a relatively affordable sailboat, making it a great option for those who are just starting out in sailing or who want to own a sailboat without breaking the bank. It is also a popular choice for families, as it can comfortably accommodate up to four people.

The Hunter 22 has a rich history, with the first model being introduced in 1973. Since then, the boat has undergone several design changes and upgrades, with the current model featuring modern amenities and technology.

The Precision 23 is a popular swing keel sailboat that is well-regarded for its versatility and performance. The swing keel design allows the boat to be easily launched and retrieved from a trailer.

One of the benefits of the Precision 23's swing keel design is its ability to sail in shallow waters. With the keel up, the boat has a draft of just 1'8", which allows it to navigate in areas that would be inaccessible to deeper-draft boats, such as coastal areas, bays, and estuaries.

When the keel is lowered, the Precision 23 has a draft of 5'0", which provides excellent stability and performance under sail. The boat is designed to be easy to handle, with a simple rig that is easy to set up and adjust. The spacious cockpit provides plenty of room for the crew to move around, and the cabin is well-appointed with all the amenities needed for comfortable cruising.

The O'Day 22 features a swing keel that is retractable and can be raised or lowered depending on the depth of the water. This feature allows the O'Day 22 to sail in waters as shallow as 2 feet, making it ideal for exploring shallow coves and bays.

This sailboat has a spacious cockpit, making it comfortable for day sailing or weekend trips. The cabin is compact but efficient, with a small galley, a portable toilet, and sleeping accommodations for up to four people.

The O'Day 22 is a popular choice for sailors of all skill levels, from beginners to experienced sailors. Its ease of use, versatility, and affordability make it a great choice for anyone looking for a reliable and fun sailboat.

The Beneteau First 235 is a popular sailboat that was first introduced in the early 1980s. It is a swing keelboat, which means that it has a retractable keel that can be raised or lowered depending on the depth of the water.

The boat is 23.5 feet long and has a beam of 8 feet so it is a relatively small boat that is easy to handle. It has a displacement of around 2,500 pounds, making it light, and can be easily towed behind a car.

The Beneteau First 235 is a popular boat because it is a well-designed and well-built sailboat that is both fast and easy to handle. The boat has a relatively narrow beam, which allows it to cut through the water with less resistance and achieve higher speeds.

Additionally, the boat has a relatively large sail area, which means that it can catch more wind and generate more power. The boat's hull shape is also optimized for speed, with a deep V-shaped hull that helps to reduce drag and increase stability. Deep-V hulls are one of the most stable boat hull designs .

The Seaward 25 is a swing-keeled sailboat that was designed by Hake Yachts and is popular among sailors who are looking for a versatile and easy-to-handle boat for both cruising and racing.

In addition to its swing keel, the Seaward 25 is also known for its spacious and comfortable interior. The boat has a large V-berth and a convertible dinette that can comfortably sleep up to four people. The boat also has a galley with a sink and a stove, as well as a private head with a marine toilet.

Another reason why the Seaward 25 is popular is because of its speed and maneuverability, making it a great choice for sailors who want to race or cruise at a fast pace. The boat is also relatively easy to handle so it can be sailed even by beginners.

The Islander Bahama 24 is a popular swing keel sailboat designed by Robert Finch and built by Islander Yachts from 1977 to 1982. It is a small, versatile sailboat that is great for day sailing, weekend cruising, and even racing.

The Bahama 24 has a spacious cockpit that can comfortably seat four people, and its interior is surprisingly roomy for a boat of its size. It has a V-berth forward, a dinette that converts into a double berth, and a quarter berth aft. There is also a small galley with a sink and a portable stove, as well as a marine head.

The Bahama 24 is a solid performer. It has a moderate sail area and a well-balanced rig, which makes it easy to handle in a variety of wind conditions. It is also known for its stability and its ability to sail close to the wind.

The Watkins 27 is a popular swing keel sailboat that was manufactured in the United States by Watkins Yachts from the mid-1970s to the early 1980s. It was designed by Walter Scott and is known for its spacious interior and good sailing performance.

The Watkins 27 has a length overall of 27 feet and a beam of 9 feet, 4 inches. It has a displacement of around 6,000 pounds. The boat has a spacious interior with a comfortable salon, galley, head, and sleeping accommodations for up to six people.

In terms of sailing performance, the Watkins 27 is known for being a good all-around performer. It has a moderate sail plan and a relatively low aspect ratio, which makes it easy to handle and forgiving for novice sailors. It is also a reasonably fast boat, with a reported top speed of around 7 knots.

The Com-Pac 23 is a popular swing keel sailboat that has been in production since the early 1980s. It is a versatile boat that can be used for cruising, racing, and day sailing. It is also a fast boat that can easily reach speeds of 6-7 knots in moderate winds.

The Com-Pac 23 has a spacious cockpit that can comfortably seat up to six people. The boat is also equipped with a cabin that can sleep up to four people and has a galley with a sink, stove, and icebox. The headroom in the cabin is generous for a boat of this size, and the layout is designed to maximize space and comfort.

The San Juan 23 is a popular swing keel sailboat that was first introduced in the early 1970s. It was designed by Bruce Kirby and built by Clark Boat Company in Kent, Washington. The boat was designed to be a versatile and affordable sailboat that could be used for cruising, racing, and day sailing.

Another feature that makes the San Juan 23 popular is its spacious cockpit and comfortable interior. The boat can accommodate up to four people and has a small galley, a head, and a V-berth. The cabin is well-ventilated and has plenty of natural light, making it a comfortable place to spend time below deck.

The San Juan 23 is a fast and responsive sailboat. It has a sail area-to-displacement ratio of 18.8, which means that it can achieve high speeds even in light winds. The boat is also very stable, which makes it easy to handle in rough conditions.

The West Wight Potter 19 is a popular swing keel sailboat that has been in production since the early 1970s. It is known for its versatility, durability, and ease of use, making it a popular choice among sailors of all skill levels.

Aside from its swing keel, it also has a relatively wide beam and a low center of gravity, which helps to keep it stable in a variety of conditions. The cockpit is spacious and comfortable, with plenty of room for passengers and crew.

In terms of performance, the West Wight Potter 19 is not the fastest sailboat on the water, but it is known for its ability to handle a variety of conditions. The boat is easy to sail and can be handled by a single person, so it is great for solo sailors or couples.

The Montgomery 17 is a popular sailboat designed by Lyle C. Hess and built by Montgomery Marine Products. One of the unique features of this sailboat is its swing keel, which allows it to be easily transported on a trailer and launched in shallow waters.

The Montgomery 17 has a classic design with a cabin that can sleep up to four people. It has a simple rigging system that makes it easy to sail, even for beginners. The sailboat is also known for its durability and has been used for long-distance cruising and racing.

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Maxi-Open Mangusta Yachts presented at Boat Shows in Palm Beach and Moscow

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Written by Zuzana Bednarova

Two important events saw the Mangusta Maxi Open by the prominent Italian builder Overmarine again protagonist on the nautical scene: Marine Max exclusive partner for the United States attended the Palm Beach Boat Show , running from March 22 to 25 with the spectacular motor yacht Mangusta 92 and the Mangusta 130 superyacht on display. Burevestnik Group, on the other hand, was the star of the Moscow International Boat Show , taking place from March 20 to 25 exhibiting the scale models of the luxury yacht Mangusta Oceano 148, the superyacht Mangusta 92, the Mangusta 165 as well as Mangusta 130 yachts.

Mangusta 92 Superyacht

MANGUSTA 92 ( an example of Mangusta 92 is the motor yacht ILLUSION ) Stylish and fast luxury motor yacht Mangusta 92 represents perfect proportions. She offers an ambitious layout that permits for 3 beautiful staterooms and a relax room or 4 staterooms, each with high-tech entertainment centers. Run by twin MTU 16V2000M94 of 2600Hp each and Kamewa 56S3 jet drives, the Mangusta 92 achieves the exciting speed of 37 knots.

Luxury motor yacht Mangusta 130

MANGUSTA 130 ( for example the charter yacht Ability ) Mangusta 130 superyacht combines pleasure and performance. Her lower deck provides 4 lovely staterooms and a salon or 5 staterooms. When the twin 3640-hp MTU16V4000 M93L are fired up and bring the vessel to a full speed of 39 knots, the peaceful as well as relaxing feeling remains, as there is no noise or vibration.

Megayacht Mangusta 165

MANGUSTA 165 ( an example can be the luxury charter yacht ZEUS ) The biggest fiberglass Open Yacht ever built, the luxury megayacht Mangusta 165 brings together state of the art technology with extreme comfort. With a speed of 39 knots, the Mangusta 165 exceeds all expectations in terms of performance, with the stabilizers that provide the smoothest ride. This majestic and elegant vessel offers extraordinarily spacious interiors with four or five staterooms and a living space.

Superyacht Mangusta Oceano 148

MANGUSTA OCEANO 148 Mangusta Oceano 148 superyacht is built to provide her Owner with the utmost in luxury and comfort aboard by integrating the latest technology processes with the most advanced marine equipment available in the market. Her interiors can be built in any kind of wood and with the style (design) selected by the Owner.

Please contact CharterWorld - the luxury yacht charter specialist - for more on superyacht news item "Maxi-Open Mangusta Yachts presented at Boat Shows in Palm Beach and Moscow".

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